The English metaphor derives from the 16th-century Old French métaphore, which comes from the Latin metaphora, "carrying over", in turn from the Greek μεταφορ? (metaphorá), "transfer", from ...
The historian Arthur O. Lovejoy (1873–1962) coined the phrase history of ideas and initiated its systematic study in the early decades of the 20th century. Johns Hopkins University was a "fertile cra ...
The process of perception begins with an object in the real world, termed the distal stimulus or distal object. By means of light, sound or another physical process, the object stimulates the body's s ...
In a physicalist theory of mind, a concept is a mental representation, which the brain uses to denote a class of things in the world. This is to say that it is literally, a symbol or group of symbols ...
Examples of religions and philosophies which embrace the concept of the Absolute in one form or another include Hermeticism, Hinduism, Jainism, Taoism, Islam, some forms of Jewish philosophy, and exis ...
In the social sciences an open system is a process that exchanges material, energy, people, capital and information with its environment. French/Greek philosopher Kostas Axelos argued that seeing the ...
In classical mechanics In nonrelativistic classical mechanics, a closed system is a physical system which doesn't exchange any matter with its surroundings, and isn't subject to any force whose source ...
Richard H. Jones delineates five types of reductionism and antireductionism (emergence): substantive, structural (i.e. causes), theoretical, conceptual, and methodological. Most philosophers delineate ...
Its development began with Frederick Winslow Taylor in the 1880s and 1890s within the manufacturing industries. Its peak of influence came in the 1910s; by the 1920s, it was still influential but had ...
Taylor was born in 1856 to a wealthy Quaker family in Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Taylor's father, Franklin Taylor, a Princeton-educated lawyer, built his wealth on mortgages. Taylor's mot ...
Emile Durkheim was born in ?pinal in Lorraine, coming from a long line of devout French Jews; his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather had been rabbis. He began his education in a rabbinical sc ...
Karl Emil Maximilian Weber was born in 1864, in Erfurt, Province of Saxony, Prussia. He was the oldest of the seven children of Max Weber Sr., a wealthy and prominent civil servant and member of the N ...
There is no universally agreed-upon classification, but some titles given to the various branches of behaviorism include:Methodological: The behaviorism of Watson; the objective study of behavior; no ...
In academia, specialization (or specialisation) may be a course of study or major at an academic institution or may refer to the field that a specialist practices in.
According to the original sector-classification developed by Jean Fourastié (1907-1990), an economy consists of:a "primary sector" of commodity production (farming, livestock breeding, exploitation o ...
