The Lorentz factor is defined as:\gamma = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - v^2/c^2}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1 - \beta^2}} = \frac{dt}{d\tau} where:v is the relative velocity between inertial reference frames,β is the ra ...
Fixing or choosing the x-axis determines the y-axis up to direction. Namely, the y-axis is necessarily the perpendicular to the x-axis through the point marked 0 on the x-axis. But there is a choice o ...
The adjective Cartesian refers to the French mathematician and philosopher René Descartes (who used the name Cartesius in Latin).The idea of this system was developed in 1637 in writings by Descartes ...
In one dimension (non-relativistic) Relative motion man on trainWe begin with relative motion in the classical, (or non-relativistic, or the Newtonian approximation) that all speeds are much less than ...
Einstein's postulate that the speed of light is a constant comes out as a natural consequence of the Minkowski formulation.Proposition 1:When an object is travelling at c in a certain reference frame, ...
A reference frame is simply a selection of what constitutes a stationary object. Once the velocity of a certain object is arbitrarily defined to be zero, the velocity of everything else in the univers ...
Treemaps display hierarchical (tree-structured) data as a set of nested rectangles. Each branch of the tree is given a rectangle, which is then tiled with smaller rectangles representing sub-branches. ...
The first known tool of this type was developed in 1896 by Karol Adamiecki, who called it a harmonogram. Adamiecki published his chart in 1931, however, only in Polish, which limited both its adoption ...
A schematic, or schematic diagram, is a representation of the elements of a system using abstract, graphic symbols rather than realistic pictures. A schematic usually omits all details that are not re ...
The oldest known star chart may be a carved ivory Mammoth tusk that was discovered in Germany in 1979. This artifact is 32,500 years old and has a carving that resembles the constellation Orion. A dra ...
The point at which the Solar System ends and interstellar space begins is not precisely defined because its outer boundaries are shaped by two separate forces: the solar wind and the Sun's gravity. Th ...
Main article: Discovery and exploration of the Solar SystemFor many thousands of years, humanity, with a few notable exceptions, did not recognize the existence of the Solar System. People believed Ea ...
Rule-based algorithms try to emulate an experienced human cartographer. Over centuries, cartographers have developed the art of mapmaking and label placement. For example, an experienced cartographer ...
In type, form describes anything from lengths between letters to the case and color of the font. Form works well for both nominal (qualitative) and ordered (quantitative) data.Italics Italics describe ...
This is a list of symbols appearing on Japanese maps. These symbols are called chizukigou (地図記号?) in the Japanese language.symbol meaning illustration symbol meaning illustrationMunicipal building ...
