The scattering cross-section, σscat, is a hypothetical area which describes the likelihood of light (or other radiation) being scattered by a particle. In general, the scattering cross-section is dif ...
In particle physics, a rho meson is a short-lived hadronic particle that is an isospin triplet whose three states are denoted as ρ+, ρ0 and ρ?. After the pions and kaons, the rho mesons are the li ...
In general, resistivity of intrinsic semiconductors decreases with increasing temperature. The electrons are bumped to the conduction energy band by thermal energy, where they flow freely and in doing ...
Resistors or conductors with uniform cross-section A piece of resistive material with electrical contacts on both ends.Many resistors and conductors have a uniform cross section with a uniform flow of ...
In an abstract setting we can generally say that a projection is a mapping of a set (or of a mathematical structure) which is idempotent, which means that a projection is equal to its composition with ...
Of great interest in number theory is the growth rate of the prime-counting function. It was conjectured in the end of the 18th century by Gauss and by Legendre to be approximatelyx/\operatorname{ln}( ...
In modern mathematics it is common to study a category by associating to every object of this category a simpler object that still retains a sufficient amount of information about the object in questi ...
William Rowan Hamilton's scientific career included the study of geometrical optics, classical mechanics, adaptation of dynamic methods in optical systems, applying quaternion and vector methods to pr ...
In Hamiltonian mechanics, a classical physical system is described by a set of canonical coordinates \boldsymbol{r}=(\boldsymbol{q},\boldsymbol{p}), where each component of the coordinate q_i,p_i is i ...
Start with a space (e.g. a surface), and some point in it, and all the loops both starting and ending at this point — paths that start at this point, wander around and eventually return to the starti ...
Riemann's original lower-case xi-function, ξ, has been renamed with an upper-case Xi, Ξ, by Edmund Landau (see below). Landau's lower-case xi, ξ, is defined as:\xi(s) = \tfrac{1}{2} s(s-1) \pi^{-s/ ...
Given two bodies, one with mass m1 and the other with mass m2, the equivalent one-body problem, with the position of one body with respect to the other as the unknown, is that of a single body of mass ...
In electromagnetism, the auxiliary magnetic field H represents how a magnetic field B influences the organization of magnetic dipoles in a given medium, including dipole migration and magnetic dipole ...
The micrometre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: ?m) or micrometer (American spelling), also commonly known as a micron, is an SI derived ...
Particles tend to move from higher chemical potential to lower chemical potential. In this way, chemical potential is a generalization of "potentials" in physics such as gravitational potential. When ...
