Main article: List of agrarian partiesPeasant parties first appeared across Eastern Europe between 1860 and 1910, when commercialized agriculture and world market forces disrupted traditional rural so ...
Greece and Rome In Greece, Hesiod, Aristotle, and Xenophon promoted agrarian ideas. Even more influential were such Roman thinkers as Cato, Cicero, Horace, and Virgil. They all praised the virtues of ...
M. Thomas Inge defines agrarianism by the following basic tenets:Farming is the sole occupation which offers total independence and self-sufficiency.Urban life, capitalism, and technology destroy inde ...
Agrarianism has two common meanings. The first meaning refers to a social philosophy or political philosophy which values rural society as superior to urban society, the independent farmer as superior ...
An agrarian society is a society that depends on agriculture as its primary means for support and sustenance. The society acknowledges other means of livelihood and work habits but stresses the import ...
See also: Risks to civilization, humans and planet EarthPolitical scientist Samuel Huntington has argued that the defining characteristic of the 21st century will be a clash of civilizations. Accordin ...
Main article: Societal collapseThere have been many explanations put forward for the collapse of civilization. Some focus on historical examples, and others on general theory.Ibn Khaldūn's Muqaddimah ...
Early civilizationsFurther information: Prehistory and Cradle of CivilizationMap of the world showing approximate centers of origin of agriculture and its spread in prehistory: the Fertile Crescent (1 ...
Another group of theorists, making use of systems theory, looks at a civilization as a complex system, i.e., a framework by which a group of objects can be analyzed that work in concert to produce som ...
"Civilization" can also refer to the culture of a complex society, not just the society itself. Every society, civilization or not, has a specific set of ideas and customs, and a certain set of manufa ...
Social scientists such as V. Gordon Childe have named a number of traits that distinguish a civilization from other kinds of society. Civilizations have been distinguished by their means of subsistenc ...
The word civilization comes from the Latin civilis, meaning civil, related to the Latin civis, meaning citizen, and civitas, meaning city or city-state. Adjectives such as English "civility" developed ...
Civilization or civilisation (in British English) generally refers to state polities which combine these basic institutions, having one or more of each: a ceremonial centre (a formal gathering place f ...
The dispersal of Neolithic culture from the Middle East has recently been associated with the distribution of human genetic markers. In Europe, the spread of the Neolithic culture has been associated ...
Social change It has long been taken for granted that the introduction of agriculture had been an unequivocal progress. This is now questioned in view of findings by archaeologists and paleopathologis ...
