Rise of the Tuoba Xianbei The Jin Dynasty had developed an alliance with the Tuoba against the Xiongnu state Han Zhao. In 315 the Tuoba chief was granted the title of the Prince of Dai. After the deat ...
There is evidence of human habitation in the Dunhuang area as early as 2,000 BC, possibly by people recorded as the Qiang in Chinese history. Its name was also mentioned as part of the homeland of the ...
The Northern dynasties began in 439 when the Northern Wei conquered the Northern Liang to unite northern China and ended in 589 when Sui dynasty extinguished the Chen dynasty. It can be divided into t ...
Main articles: End of the Han dynasty, Three Kingdoms, Jin dynasty (265–420) and Sixteen KingdomsAfter the collapse of a united China under the Han dynasty in 220 due in large part to the Yellow Turb ...
Predecessors to the horse collar Earliest predecessors Long before the horse collar harness, there was the less efficient throat-girth harness. This could be found in many ancient civilizations, broug ...
De rebus bellicis is a 4th or 5th century anonymous work which suggests remedies for ongoing military and financial problems in the Roman Empire, including a number of fanciful war machines. It was wr ...
The paddle wheel is a large steel framework wheel. The outer edge of the wheel is fitted with numerous, regularly-spaced paddle blades (called floats or buckets). The bottom quarter or so of the wheel ...
In literary records, the earliest evidence of the fishing reel comes from a 4th-century AD work entitled Lives of Famous Immortals. The earliest known depiction of a fishing reel comes from a Southern ...
In the Yezhongji (鄴中記) ('Record of Affairs at the Capital of the Later Zhao Dynasty') by Lu Hui, covering the history of the Later Zhao (319–351 AD) court in China, the text describes various mech ...
There are three types of noria. The most common examples consist of a vertical wheel which is slung with a chain of buckets. The buckets hang down into a well which may be up to 8 m (26 ft) deep. The ...
Republican era Unless otherwise noted, names of governors in Africa and their dates are taken from T.R.S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, (New York: American Philological Association ...
Further information: History of Tunisia, History of Algeria, History of Africa, Numidia and MauretaniaThe land acquired for the province of Africa was the site of the ancient city of Carthage. Other l ...
Water wheels have been used for hundreds of years for industrial power. Their main shortcoming is size, which limits the flow rate and head that can be harnessed. The migration from water wheels to mo ...
Anatolia has a varied range of climates. The central plateau is characterized by a continental climate, with hot summers and cold snowy winters. The south and west coasts enjoy a typical Mediterranean ...
The Anatolian peninsula, also called Asia Minor, is bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean Sea to the west, and the Sea of Marmara to the northwest, whic ...
