From 1347 to 1351, the Black Death, a massive and deadly pandemic originating in China, spread along the Silk Road and swept through Asia, Europe and Africa. It may have reduced the world's population ...
The epidemiological use of the term "plague" is currently applied to bacterial infections that cause buboes, although historically the medical use of the term "plague" has been applied to pandemic inf ...
Forms of serfdom varied greatly through time and regions. In some places serfdom was merged with or exchanged for various forms of taxation.The amount of labour required varied. In Poland, for example ...
The word "serf" originated from the Middle French serf, and can be traced further back to the Latin servus ("slave"). In Late Antiquity and most of the Middle Ages, what we now call serfs were usually ...
Early life and education Timothy Brook was born on January 6, 1951 in Toronto, Ontario in Canada, grew up in that city and currently lives in Vancouver.After graduating from the University of Toronto ...
Eurasia on the eve of the Mongol invasions, c. 1200.1206: Upon domination of Mongolia, Temüjin from the Orkhon Valley received the title Chinggis Khan, thought to mean Universal Ruler or, Oceanic Rul ...
Tang dynasty political geography The Sixteen Prefectures were administrative units established during the Tang dynasty. Under the Tang, each prefecture or zhou was a unit of administration larger than ...
The Mongol Empire was governed by a civilian and military code, called the Yassa, created by Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire did not emphasize the importance of ethnicity and race in the administrativ ...
Main article: Family tree of Genghis KhanTemüjin was related on his father's side to Khabul Khan, Ambaghai, and Hotula Khan, who had headed the Khamag Mongol confederation and were descendants of Bod ...
During the conquest of the Jin, Genghis Khan's younger brothers received large appanages in Manchuria. Their descendants strongly supported Kublai's coronation in 1260, but the younger generation desi ...
Kublai Khan considered China as his main base, realizing within a decade of his enthronement as Great Khan that he needed to concentrate on governing there. From the beginning of his reign, he adopted ...
In 1251, Kublai's eldest brother M?ngke became Khan of the Mongol Empire, and Khwarizmian Mahmud Yalavach and Kublai were sent to China. Kublai received the viceroyalty over North China and moved his ...
Other lesser-known European explorers had already travelled to China, such as Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, but Polo's book meant that his journey was the first to be widely known. Christopher Columbu ...
Early life and Asian travelSee also: Niccolò and Maffeo PoloMarco Polo was born between September 15 and 16, 1254, in Venice, perhaps in the former contrada of San Giovanni Crisostomo, where his hous ...
The foundations of the Pax Mongolica lie in the Mongol Empire beginning with Genghis Khan in the early 13th century. In the process of conquering the various tribes in the region, Genghis Khan revolut ...
