He was born in Mytilene, Lesbos, to Mehmet Nesip Bey, a military pharmacist. Between 1908 and 1918, Djemal was one of the most important leaders of the Ottoman government. He graduated from Kuleli Mil ...
Enver's father, Ahmet, was either a bridge-keeper in Monastir or a small town public prosecutor in the Balkans and his mother an Albanian peasant. He studied for different degrees in military schools ...
The prominent leaders and ideologists included:Pamphleteers and activistsYusuf Ak?ura, a Tatar journalist with a secular national ideology, who was against Ottomanism and supported separation of chur ...
Abdul Hamid II was born in Topkap? Palace in Constantinople (modern Turkey) during Ottoman Empire, on September 21, 1842. He was the son of Sultan Abdülmecid I and one of his many wives, the Valide ...
The spelling of Muhammad Ali's first name in both Arabic, and Ottoman Turkish was consistent: ???? (Muhammad). This is the name by which he was known to his Egyptian subjects, and the name used un ...
The Dodecanese have been inhabited since prehistoric times. In the Neopalatial period on Crete, the islands were heavily Minoanized (contact beginning in the second millennium BC). Following the downf ...
Libya's foreign policies have fluctuated since 1951. As a Kingdom, Libya maintained a definitively pro-Western stance, and was recognized as belonging to the conservative traditionalist bloc in the Le ...
The name Libya (Listeni/?l?bi?/ or /?l?bj?/; Arabic: ?????? Līb(i)yā ( listen); Libyan Arabic: ) was introduced in 1934 for Italian Libya, after the historical name for Northwest Africa ...
Lebanon is a parliamentary democracy, which implements a special system known as confessionalism. This system is intended to deter sectarian conflict and attempts to fairly represent the demographic d ...
The name Lebanon originates from the Semitic root LBN (???), meaning "white", likely a reference to the snow-capped Mount Lebanon.Occurrences of the name have been found in different texts from the ...
This inland sea of some 251,000 square kilometres (96,912 sq mi) is connected to the Gulf of Oman in the east by the Strait of Hormuz; and its western end is marked by the major river delta of the Sha ...
The culture of Tunisia is mixed due to their long established history of outside influence from people such as Phoenicians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Arabs, Turks, Italians, Spaniards, and the Fren ...
The word Tunisia is derived from Tunis; a central urban hub and the capital of modern-day Tunisia. The present form of the name, with its Latinate suffix -ia, evolved from French Tunisie. The French d ...
The development of the tourism sector in Algeria had previously been hampered by a lack of facilities, but since 2004 a broad tourism development strategy has been implemented resulting in many hotels ...
The country's name derives from the city of Algiers. The city's name in turn derives from the Arabic al-Jazā'ir (???????, "The Islands"), a truncated form of the older Jazā'ir Banī Mazghanna ...
