An average, or typical, case is often not the richest in information. In clarifying lines of history and causation it is more useful to select subjects that offer an interesting, unusual or particular ...
Positive and negative primingThe terms positive and negative priming refer to when priming affects the speed of processing. A positive prime speeds up processing, while a negative prime lowers the spe ...
The Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness (commonly referred to as the ASSC) is a professional membership organization that aims to encourage research on consciousness in cognitive sci ...
The journal was established in part to provide visibility across disciplines to various researchers approaching the problem of consciousness from their respective fields. The articles are usually in n ...
The journal Consciousness and Cognition (ISSN 1053-8100) provides a forum for scientific approaches to the issues of consciousness, voluntary control, and self. It features empirical research (in the ...
While situated cognition gained recognition in the field of educational psychology in the late twentieth century, it shares many principles with older fields such as critical theory, (Frankfurt School ...
Main article: Categories (Aristotle)Classical categorization first appears in the context of Western Philosophy in the work of Plato, who, in his Statesman dialogue, introduces the approach of groupin ...
In his pre-critical period, philosopher Immanuel Kant advocated a similar embodied view of the mind-body problem that was part of his Universal Natural History and Theory of Heaven (1755). José Orteg ...
We know since Frege that the thing that a word refers to (i.e., its referent) is not the same as its meaning. This is most clearly illustrated using the proper names of concrete individuals, but it is ...
Several attempts have been made in robots that are completely inside a spherical ball, either by spinning a weight inside the ball, or by rotating the outer shells of the sphere. These have also been ...
The word robotics was derived from the word robot, which was introduced to the public by Czech writer Karel ?apek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots), which was published in 1920. The word ...
Searle's father, G. W. Searle, an electrical engineer, was employed by ATT Corporation, while his mother, Hester Beck Searle, was a physician. Searle began his college education at the University of W ...
Searle's thought experiment begins with this hypothetical premise: suppose that artificial intelligence research has succeeded in constructing a computer that behaves as if it understands Chinese. It ...
Hofstadter was born in New York City, the son of Nobel Prize-winning physicist Robert Hofstadter. He grew up on the campus of Stanford University, where his father was a professor, and he attended the ...
A modification of the Turing test wherein the objective of one or more of the roles have been reversed between machines and humans is termed a reverse Turing test. An example is implied in the work of ...
