The cursus honorum began with ten years of military duty in the Roman cavalry (the equites) or in the staff of a general who was a relative or a friend of the family. The ten years of service were int ...
After the legendary expulsion of the last Etruscan King Lucius Tarquinius and the end of the Roman Kingdom, most of the powers and authority of the king were ostensibly given to the newly instituted c ...
The Republic Early in the history of the Roman Republic, a foederatus identified one of the tribes bound by treaty (foedus /?fi?d?s/), who were neither Roman colonies nor beneficiaries of Roman cit ...
Comes was a common epithet or title, added to the name (as Catholicism still does with Jesus and much-venerated saints, such as in Our Lady of Lourdes) for a hero or a divinity, as a way to mark a rel ...
Comitatenses is the Latin plural of comitatensis, originally the adjective derived from comitatus ('company, party, suite'; in this military context it came to the novel meaning of 'the field army'), ...
The exact birth date of Gallienus is unknown. The Greek chronicler John Malalas and the Epitome de Caesaribus report that he was about 50 years old at the time of his death, meaning he was born around ...
The Sestertius was introduced c. 211 BC as a small silver coin valued at one-quarter of a Denarius (and thus one hundredth of an Aureus). A silver Denarius was supposed to weigh about 4.5 grams, value ...
At its territorial height, the Roman Empire may have contained between 45 million and 120 million people. Historian Edward Gibbon estimated that the size of the Roman army "most probably formed a stan ...
The military history of ancient Rome is inseparable from its political system, based from an early date upon competition within the ruling elite. Two consuls were elected each year to head the governm ...
Main article: CapitalismPart of a series onCapitalismConceptsEconomic systemsEconomic theoriesOriginsDevelopmentPeopleRelated topicsAnti-capitalism Capitalist state Consumerism Corporatism Crisis theo ...
Peter Temin (born 17 December 1937) is a widely cited economist and economic historian, currently Gray Professor Emeritus of Economics, MIT and former head of the Economics Department.Temin graduated ...
Ostia may have been Rome's first colonia. According to the legend Ancus Marcius, the semi-legendary fourth king of Rome, first destroyed Ficana an ancient town that was only 11 miles from Rome and had ...
Maritime archeology and ancient manuscripts from classical antiquity show evidence of vast Roman commercial fleets. The most substantial remains from this commerce are the infrastructure remains of ha ...
The word commodity came into use in English in the 15th century, from the French commodité, to a benefit or profit. Going further back, the French word derived from the Latin commoditatem (nominative ...
A pack animal or beast of burden is a working animal used by humans as means of transporting materials by attaching them so their weight bears on the animal's back; the term may be applied to either a ...
