The term "holism" was coined in 1926 by Jan Smuts, a South African statesman, in his book Holism and Evolution. Smuts defined holism as the "tendency in nature to form wholes that are greater than the ...
The idea of emergence has been around since at least the time of Aristotle. John Stuart Mill and Julian Huxley are two of many scientists and philosophers who have written on the concept.The term "eme ...
is, "...members of society must have some shared methods that they use to mutually construct the meaningful orderliness of social situations." Ethnomethodology is an Empirical Enterprise. Rawls states ...
Interactionism is micro-sociological and believes that meaning is produced through the interactions of individuals.The social interaction is a face-to-face process consisting of actions, reactions, an ...
In neo-classical economics, people's behavior is explained in terms of rational choices, as constrained by prices and incomes. The neo-classical economist accepts individuals' preferences as givens. B ...
The term "structuralism" is a belated term that describes a particular philosophical/literary movement or moment. The term appeared in the works of French anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss and gave ...
The term "ideology" was born in the highly controversial philosophical and political debates and fights of the French Revolution, and acquired several other meanings from the early days of the First F ...
The English word "tradition" comes from the Latin traditio, the noun from the verb traderere or tradere (to transmit, to hand over, to give for safekeeping); it was originally used in Roman law to ref ...
Consumer research typically looks at materialism in two ways. One as a collection of personality traits and one as an enduring belief or value.Materialism as a personality traitBelk's conceptualizatio ...
Emile Durkheim was born in ?pinal in Lorraine, coming from a long line of devout French Jews; his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather had been rabbis. He began his education in a rabbinical sc ...
Classical theories are defined by a tendency towards biological analogy and notions of social evolutionism:Functionalist thought, from Comte onwards, has looked particularly towards biology as the sci ...
Associated with ideologiesThese methods are often seen as associated with trade unions or syndicalism (or more lately eco-syndicalism and eco-socialism), or anarcho-syndicalism. In addition, collectiv ...
Main article: History of the cooperative movementCooperation dates back as far as human beings have been organizing for mutual benefit. Tribes were organized as cooperative structures, allocating jobs ...
A welfare state is a concept of government in which the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens. It is based on the principles of e ...
A pejorative (also term of abuse, term of disparagement, or derogatory term) is a word or grammatical form of expression that expresses contempt, criticism, hostility, disregard and/or disrespect. A t ...
