The organization was founded in 1941 as the National Opinion Research Center. Since its founding, NORC at the University of Chicago has conducted numerous social research projects involving opinion su ...
The General Social Survey (GSS) is a sociological survey used to collect data on demographic characteristics and attitudes of residents of the United States. The survey is conducted face-to-face with ...
In North America, community studies drew inspiration from the classic urban sociology texts produced by the Chicago School, such as the works of Louis Wirth and William Foote Whyte. In Britain, commun ...
Organized community groups attempt to influence government, corporations and institutions, seek to increase direct representation within decision-making bodies, and foster social reform more generally ...
Leadership, geography, history, socio-economic status all are traditionally used to explain success of community and its well-being. Robert Putnam in his book Bowling Alone finds that a community's we ...
NGO/GRO (governmental related organisations) types can be understood by their orientation and level of operation.By orientationCharitable orientation often involves a top-down paternalistic effort wit ...
Many educational jurisdictions in the United States need students to do community service hours to graduate from high school. In some high schools in Washington State, for example, students must finis ...
There are complementary definitions of community development.The United Nations defines Community development broadly as "a process where community members come together to take collective action and ...
Alexis de Tocqueville came from an old Norman aristocratic family with ancestors who participated in the Battle of Hastings in 1066. His parents, Hervé Louis Fran?ois Jean Bonaventure Clérel, Comte ...
The word tolerance was first used in the 15th century.The word is derived from endurance and fortitude, used in the 14th century. According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word was first used ...
Mutualistic transversals can be thought of as a form of "biological barter" in mycorrhizal associations between plant roots and fungi, with the plant providing carbohydrates to the fungus in return fo ...
Classification of predators by the extent to which they feed on and interact with their prey is one way ecologists may wish to categorize the different types of predation. Instead of focusing on what ...
Competition can have both beneficial and detrimental effects. Many evolutionary biologists view inter-species and intra-species competition as the driving force of adaptation, and ultimately of evolut ...
In biology and ecology, abiotic components include physical conditions and non-living resources that affect living organisms in terms of growth, maintenance, and reproduction. Resources are distinguis ...
Diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen is approximately 10,000 times slower in water than in air. When soils are flooded, they quickly lose oxygen, becoming hypoxic (an environment with O2 concentrati ...
