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In 1854, a cholera outbreak in London's Soho district was identified by Dr. John Snow as originating from contaminated water from the Broad street pump. This can be regarded as a founding event of the science of epidemiology. In 1980, a hepatitis A surge due to the consumption of water from a feces-contaminated well, in Pennsylvania[27] In 1987, a cryptosporidiosis outbreak is caused by the public water supply of which the filtration was contaminated, in western Georgia[28] Fluoride intoxication in a long-term hemodialysis unit of university hospital due to the failure of a water deionization system[29] In 1988, many people were poisoned in Camelford, when a worker put 20 tonnes of aluminium sulphate in the wrong tank. In 1993, a fluoride poisoning outbreak resulting from overfeeding of fluoride, in Mississippi[30] In 1993, Milwaukee Cryptosporidium outbreak An outbreak of typhoid fever in northern Israel, which was associated with the contaminated municipal water supply[31] In 1997, 369 cases of cryptosporidiosis occurred, caused by a contaminated fountain in the Minnesota zoo. Most of the sufferers were children[32] In 1998, a non-chlorinated municipal water supply was blamed for a campylobacteriosis outbreak in northern Finland[33] In 2000, a gastroenteritis outbreak that was brought by a non-chlorinated community water supply, in southern Finland[34] In 2000, an E. coli outbreak occurred in Walkerton, Ontario, Canada. Seven people died from drinking contaminated water. Hundreds suffered from the symptoms of the disease, not knowing if they too would die.[35] In 2004, contamination of the community water supply, serving the Bergen city centre of Norway, was later reported after the outbreak of waterborne giardiasis[36] In 2007, contaminated drinking water was pinpointed which had led to the outbreak of gastroenteritis with multiple aetiologies in Denmark[37] |
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