|
Original title Transliteration (if applicable) English title Volumes Dates Eesti nõukogude entsüklopeedia — Estonian Soviet Encyclopedia 8 1968–1976 Latvijas padomju enciklopēdija — Latvian Soviet Encyclopedia 10 1981–1988 Lietuviškoji tarybinė enciklopedija — Lithuanian Soviet Encyclopedia 10 1976–1985 Азәрбајҹан Совет Енсиклопедијасы Azәrbaycan Sovet Ensiklopediyası Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia 10 1976–1987 Беларуская савецкая энцыклапедыя Belaruskaya savietskaya entsyklapedyya Byelorussian Soviet Encyclopedia 12 1969–1975 Енчиклопедия советикэ молдовеняскэ Enciclopedia sovietică moldovenească Moldavian Soviet Encyclopedia 8 1970–1981 Кыргыз Совет Энциклопедиясы Kyrgyz Soviet Entsiklopediyasy Kyrgyz Soviet Encyclopedia 6 1976–1980 Түркмен совет энциклопедиясы Türkmen sowet ensiklopediýasy Turkmen Soviet Encyclopedia 10 1974–1989 Українська радянська енциклопедія Ukraïns'ka radyans'ka enstiklopediya Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia 17 1959–1965 Энциклопедияи советии тоҷик Entsiklopediya-i sovieti-i tojik Tajik Soviet Encyclopedia 8 1978–1988 Ўзбек совет энциклопедияси Uzbek sovet entsiklopediyasi Uzbek Soviet Encyclopedia 14 1971–1980 Қазақ кеңес энциклопедиясы Qazaq keñes encïklopedïyası Kazakh Soviet Encyclopedia 10 1972–1978 Հայկական սովետական հանրագիտարան Haykakan sovetakan hanragitaran Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia 13 1974–1987 ქართული საბჭოთა ენციკლოპედია kartuli sabch'ota encik'lop'edia Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia 12 1965–1987 Content The Soviet Encyclopedia is a systematic summary of knowledge in social and economic studies and in the applied sciences[citation needed]. It became a universal reference work for the Soviet intelligentsia.[8] According to the publisher's foreword in the English-language translation of the encyclopedia, the encyclopedia is important for knowledge and understanding of USSR. A major value of the Encyclopedia is its comprehensive information about Soviet and its peoples. Every aspect of Soviet life is systematically presented, including history, economics, science, art, and culture[citation needed]. The ethnic diversity of USSR’s peoples and its languages and cultures are extensively covered. There are biographies of prominent cultural and scientific figures who are not as well-known outside of Russia. There are detailed surveys of USSR’s provinces and towns, as well as their geology, geography, flora and fauna.[8] The encyclopedia’s Chief Editorial Board and Advisory board sought input from the general public. The entry list was sent to universities, scientific institutions, museums, and private specialists in every field. More than 50,000 suggestions were received and many additions were made.[9] Scholars believe that the Encyclopedia is a valuable and useful source for Russian history.[10] The Encyclopedia, though noted as having a strong Marxist bias, provides useful information for understanding the Soviet point of view.[11][12] Damnatio memoriae Following the arrest and punishment of the infamous Lavrentiy Beria, the notorious head of the NKVD, in 1953 the encyclopedia—ostensibly in response to overwhelming public demand—mailed subscribers to the second edition a letter from the editor[13] instructing them to cut out and destroy the three-page article on Beria and paste in its place enclosed replacement pages expanding the adjacent articles on F. W. Bergholz (an 18th-century courtier), the Bering Sea, and Bishop Berkeley.[14] By April 1954, the Library of the University of California had received this “replacement.”[15] This was not the only case of political influence. According to one author, encyclopedia subscribers received missives to replace articles in the fashion of the Beria article frequently.[16] Other articles, especially biographical articles on political leaders, changed significantly to reflect the current party line. An article affected in such a fashion was the one on Bukharin, whose evolution of descriptions went through several versions.[17] Great Russian Encyclopedia Main article: Great Russian Encyclopedia Publication of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia was suspended in 1990 and halted in 1991, but in 2002 it was reinstituted by decree of Vladimir Putin. In 2003 and 2004 a team of editors was formed to overhaul the old encyclopedia by updating facts, removing most examples of overt political bias, and changing its name to the Great Russian Encyclopedia. Many outdated articles are being entirely rewritten. In 2004 the first volume of the newly overhauled Great Russian Encyclopedia was published. According to the encyclopedia editor, Sergei Leonidovich Kravets, the complete edition of 35 volumes could be released by 2016.[18] Publication of the Great Russian Encyclopedia is overseen by the Russian Academy of Sciences, and funded by the Government of the Russian Federation. The encyclopedia is now found in libraries and schools throughout the CIS.[19] Additionally, the 1980s editions remain in widespread use, particularly as references in scientific and mathematical research. |
About us|Jobs|Help|Disclaimer|Advertising services|Contact us|Sign in|Website map|Search|
GMT+8, 2015-9-11 21:05 , Processed in 0.155187 second(s), 16 queries .
