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During the 1960s, two tropical cyclone names were retired from the list of names.[5] Both systems attained severe tropical cyclone intensity during their existence. Flora was the first known storm in the Australian region to have its name retired after its usage in 1964.[5] Name Dates Season Aus Cat Sustained wind speeds Pressure Areas affected Fatalities Damage (A$ at the time) Notes Flora 30 November – 8 December 1964-65 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg)[nb 1] Northern Territory, Queensland 0 N/A [6] Dinah 22 – 31 January 1966-67 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Queensland 0 N/A [7][8][9][10] [nb 2][nb 3] Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 1970s Tracks of storms retired in the 1970s During the 1970s, 18 tropical cyclones had their names retired.[5] During this period, one of the most well-known storms in Australian history, Cyclone Tracy, took place. It was both the costliest and deadliest of the decade; it would remain the costliest Australian cyclone until 2011 when Severe Tropical Cyclone Yasi surpassed it. A total of 87 people were killed between these storms and A$977 million was wrought in damage. Name Dates Season Aus Cat Sustained wind speeds Pressure Areas affected Fatalities Damage (A$ at the time) Notes Ada 1 – 19 January 1969-70 3 130 km/h (80 mph) 962 hPa (28.41 inHg) Queensland 15 $79 million [12][13] Dora 10 – 17 February 1970-71 1 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Queensland 0 $10 million [14][15][16] Gertie-Fiona 10 – 28 February 1970-71 3 150 km/h (90 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Northern Territory, Queensland 0 Unknown [17][18][19][20] Althea 10 – 27 December 1971-72 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 952 hPa (28.11 inHg) Queensland 3 $147 million [21][22][23] Daisy 5–16 February 1971–72 3 130 km/h (80 mph) 959 hPa (28.32 inHg) Queensland [16][24] Emily 1971–72 Unk. Unk. 942 Queensland 8 Unknown [25] Madge 1972–73 3 150 km/h (90 mph) 954 hPa (28.17 inHg) [26] Wanda 1973–74 Unk. Unk. 997 Tracy 21 – 26 December 1974–75 4 175 km/h 110 mph 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Northern Territory 71 $800 million [27] Trixie 1974–75 930 Joan 30 November - 10 December 1975–76 5 230 km/h (145 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Western Australia $25 million [28] David 1975–76 3 140 85 961 [29] Beth 1975–76 Unk. Unk. 972 Ted 1976–77 Unk. Unk. 972 [30] Alby 1977–78 205 125 930 [31] [nb 2][nb 3] Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 1980s Tracks of storms retired in the 1980s Name Dates Season Aus Cat Sustained wind speeds Pressure Areas affected Fatalities Damage (A$ at the time) Notes Simon 21 – 28 February 1979–80 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Queensland, New South Wales, New Zealand 0 None [16][32] Dominic[nb 4] 4 – 14 April 1981-82 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Queensland 0 $200,000 [33] Elinor 10 February – 3 March 1982-83 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Queensland 0 None [34] Kathy 16 – 24 March 1983-84 5 205 km/h (125 mph) 916 hPa (27.05 inHg) Cape York Peninsula, Northern Territory 1 $12 million [35][36][37] Lance 4 – 7 April 1983-84 2 95 km/h (60 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Queensland [38] Sandy 20 – 24 March 1984-85 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 953 hPa (28.14 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia [39] Margot 10 – 25 April 1984-85 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 942 hPa (27.82 inHg) Winifred 27 January – 5 February 1985-86 3 130 km/h (80 mph) 957 hPa (28.26 inHg) Queensland 3 $130 million Manu 21–27 April 1985-86 2 110 km/h (70 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Papua New Guinea, Queensland Extensive [40] Connie 15 – 23 January 1986-87 3 150 km/h (90 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Jason 5 – 14 February 1986-87 2 110 km/h (70 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Elsie 22 – 27 February 1986-87 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Agi 8–16 January 1987-88 2 95 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Louisiade Archipelago, New Caledonia Unknown Unknown [41] Charlie 21 February – 1 March 1987-88 2 110 km/h (70 mph) 972 hPa (28.70 inHg) Queensland 1 $200,000 [42] Herbie 17 – 21 May 1987-88 1 75 km/h (45 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Western Australia 0 $20 million [43][44] Ilona 12 – 19 December 1988-89 3 130 km/h (80 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Delilah 28 December – 1 January 1988-89 1 85 km/h (50 mph) 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) Ned 25 March – 1 April 1988-89 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 941 hPa (27.79 inHg) Aivu 31 March - 5 April 1988-89 4 175 km/h (110 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Queensland 1 $90 million [45] Orson 17 – 24 April 1988-89 5 250 km/h (155 mph) 904 hPa (26.70 inHg) Western Australia 5 $20 million [46][47][48] Pedro 6 – 13 November 1989-90 2 110 km/h (70 mph) 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) Felicity 13 – 20 December 1989-90 2 95 km/h (60 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) [nb 2][nb 3] Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 1990s Name Dates Season Aus Cat Sustained wind speeds Pressure Areas affected Fatalities Damage (A$ at the time) Notes Tina 24 – 28 January 1989–90 2 N/A 975 hPa (28.80 inHg) Western Australia N/A N/A [49] Ivor 15 – 26 March 1989–90 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Queensland None $15 million [50][51] Joy 15 – 27 December 1990–91 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Solomon Islands, Queensland 6 $135 million [52][53] Mark 6 – 10 January 1991–92 2 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Queensland, Northern Territory None $3.5 million [54] Ian 27 February – 3 March 1991–92 5 215 km/h (135 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Western Australia None Unknown [55] Nina 23 December – 5 January 1992–93 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Queensland, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea 32 millions [56][57][58] Oliver 5 – 14 February 1992–93 3 N/A N/A Queensland N/A Unknown [59] Polly 25 – 28 February 1992–93 3 N/A N/A New Caledonia N/A N/A [60] Roger 12 – 21 March 1992–93 2 N/A N/A Solomon Islands, New Caledonia N/A N/A [61] Adel 13–15 May 1992-93 1 75 km/h (45 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Papua New Guinea 3 [62] Naomi 15 – 18 December 1993–94 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Western Australia None N/A [63] Pearl 11 – 21 January 1993–94 3 155 km/h (100 mph) 950 hPa (28.06 inHg) No land areas None None [64] Sharon 12 – 22 March 1993–94 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Indonesia, Western Australia None None [65] Annette 12 – 20 December 1994–95 4 195 km/h (120 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Western Australia, South Australia None N/A [66] Bobby 19 – 27 February 1994–95 4 195 km/h (120 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia 8 N/A [67] Violet 3 – 6 March 1994-95 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Lord Howe Island, New South Wales None Minimal [68][69] Warren 4 – 6 March 1994–95 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Queensland, Northern Territory None N/A [70] Agnes 16 – 22 April 1994–95 4 165 km/h (105 mph) N/A No land areas None None [71] Gertie 17 – 22 December 1995–96 3 N/A N/A Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland None Unknown [72] Barry 4 – 7 January 1995–96 3 N/A N/A Queensland None Unknown [73] Celeste 26 – 29 January 1995–96 2 N/A N/A Queensland None N/A [74] Ethel 7 – 13 March 1995–96 2 N/A 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Queensland, Northern Territory None N/A [75] Kristy 7 – 14 March 1995–96 4 175 km/h (110 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Western Australia None N/A [76] Olivia 5 – 12 April 1995–96 4 N/A 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Western Australia, South Australia None N/A [77] Fergus 23 – 23 December 1996–97 3 150 km/h (90 mph) N/A Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, New Zealand None N/A [78] Rachel 3 – 8 January 1996–97 3 140 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia None Minor [79] Justin 6 – 24 March 1996–97 3 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Papua New Guinea, Queensland 37 $190 million [80] Rhonda 11 – 17 May 1996–97 4 175 km/h (110 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Cocos Islands, Western Australia None None [81] Katrina–Victor–Cindy[nb 5] 2 – 24 January 1996–97 3 150 km/h (90 mph) N/A Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Queensland 1 N/A [82] Sid 24 – 29 December 1997–98 2 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.1 inHg) Northern Territory 1 $100 million [83] Thelma 3 – 15 December 1997–98 5 220 km/h (140 mph) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) Northern Territory 1 Unknown Rona 10 – 21 February 1998–99 3 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.2 inHg) Eastern Australia, New Caledonia 7 $150 million [84] Vance 16 – 23 March 1998–99 5 215 km/h (130 mph) 910 hPa (26.8 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia None $303 million Elaine 16 – 20 March 1998–99 4 215 km/h (130 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Western Australia None Unknown [85] Gwenda 2 – 8 April 1998–99 5 220 km/h (140 mph) 900 hPa (26.5 inHg) Western Australia None Minimal John 10 – 15 December 1999–00 5 205 km/h (120 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Western Australia None $300 million [85] [nb 2][nb 3] Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 2000s Tracks of storms retired in the 2000s During the 2000s, 20 tropical cyclone names were retired. Name Dates Season Aus Cat Sustained wind speeds Pressure Areas affected Fatalities Damage (A$ at the time) Notes Steve 27 February – 11 March 1999–2000 3 145 km/h (90 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia 0 $100 million [86] Tessi 1 – 2 April 1999–2000 2 95 km/h (60 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Queensland Rosita 17 – 21 April 1999–2000 5 205 km/h (125 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Western Australia 0 N/A [87] Sam 28 November – 10 December 2000–01 4 175 km/h (110 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia None N/A [88] Abigail 24 February – 8 March 2000–01 3 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia Chris 2 – 7 February 2001–02 5 205 km/h (125 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Western Australia Upia 21–29 May 2001-02 1 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Budelun Island None None [89] Erica 1 – 17 March 2002–03 5 215 km/h (135 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Queensland, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia [90] Inigo 31 March – 8 April 2002–03 5 240 km/h (150 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) Indonesia, Western Australia Monty 25 February – 3 March 2003–04 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Western Australia Epi 5–7 June 2002-03 1 65 km/h (40 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None N/A N/A [91] Fay 12 – 28 March 2003–04 5 215 km/h (135 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia Harvey 3 – 7 February 2004–05 3 130 km/h (80 mph) 967 hPa (28.55 inHg) Northern Territory Ingrid 4 – 16 March 2004–05 5 230 km/h (145 mph) 924 hPa (27.28 inHg) Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia Clare 6 – 10 January 2005–06 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Western Australia Larry 15 – 20 March 2005–06 5 205 km/h (125 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Queensland 0 $1.5 billion Glenda 22 – 31 March 2005–06 5 215 km/h (135 mph) 910 hPa (26.87 inHg) Western Australia Monica 16 – 27 April 2005–06 5 250 km/h (155 mph) 916 hPa (27.05 inHg) Queensland, Northern Territory George 27 February – 11 March 2006–07 5 205 km/h (125 mph) 902 hPa (26.63 inHg) Western Australia 3 $8 million Guba 11 -20 November 2007-08 3 140 km/h (85 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Papua New Guinea 149 [92] Helen 31 December – 6 January 2007–08 2 95 km/h (60 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Northern Territory, Queensland 1 Hamish 4 – 11 March 2008–09 5 215 km/h (135 mph) 925 hPa (27.31 inHg) Queensland 2 $60 million Laurence 8 – 23 December 2009-10 5 205 km/h (125 mph) 925 hPa (27.31 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia, Southern Australia, New South Wales 0 $10 million [93][94] [nb 2][nb 3] Tropical Cyclone names retired in the 2010s Tracks of all storms retired in the 2010s During the 2010s, nine names have been retired. One of these names, Jasmine, was retired due to damage caused while outside the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's area of responsibility. Name Dates Aus Cat Sustained wind speeds Pressure Areas affected Fatalities Damage (A$ at the time) Notes Magda 18 – 24 January, 2010 3 130 km/h (80 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Western Australia None N/A [95] Carlos 12 – 27 February, 2011 3 120 km/h (75 mph) 969 hPa (28.62 inHg) Northern Territory, Western Australia None N/A Heidi 9 – 13 January, 2012 3 120 km/h (75 mph) 968 hPa (28.59 inHg) Western Australia None N/A Jasmine 31 January – 16 February, 2012 4 185 km/h (115 mph) 942 hPa (27.82 inHg) Queensland, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Tonga None N/A Lua 10 – 18 March, 2012 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 930 hPa (27.47 inHg) Western Australia None $220 million [96] Oswald 17 – 29 January, 2013 1 75 km/h (45 mph) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales 6 $2.4 billion Rusty 22 – 28 February, 2013 4 165 km/h (105 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Western Australia None N/A Christine 25 December 2013– 1 January 2014 3 165 km/h (105 mph) 948 hPa (27.99 inHg) Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria None Minor Ita 1 – 14 April, 2014 5 215 km/h (130 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, Queensland, New Zealand Tropical cyclones are non-frontal, low pressure systems that develop, within an environment of warm sea surface temperatures and little vertical wind shear aloft.[1] Within the Australian region, names are assigned from three pre-determined lists, to such systems, once they reach or exceed ten–minute sustained wind speeds of 65 km/h (40 mph), near the center, by either the Bureau of Meteorology or by the Tropical Cyclone Warning Centers in Jakarta, Indonesia and Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.[1] Within the Australian region, tropical cyclones have been officially named since the 1963–64 Australian region cyclone season, though several meteorological papers show that a few tropical cyclones were named before 1964–65.[2][3][4] The names of significant tropical cyclones that cause a high amount of damage and/or loss of life are retired from the lists of tropical cyclone names by either the Bureau of Meteorology or the World Meteorological Organization's RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee at their bi-annual meeting. Storms named by Port Moresby are automatically retired regardless of their impact due to their infrequent occurrence.[1] Within the Australian region, there have been a total of 113 tropical cyclone names retired, with the 1990s accounting for 44 of these. Two of the most intense systems ever recorded in the Southern Hemisphere, Cyclones Gwenda and Inigo each attaining a barometric pressure of 900 hPa (26.58 inHg), are among the retired storms. The deadliest cyclone to take place since the 1960s was Cyclone Guba in 2007 which killed 149 people in Papua New Guinea. Additionally, the most damaging system was Severe Tropical Cyclone Tracy in 1974 which devastated the city of Darwin, leaving A$837 million (A$5.65 billion 2011 AUD; US$2.64 billion 2011 USD) in losses. |
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