|
Longevity claims are unsubstantiated cases of asserted human longevity. Those asserting lifespans of 110 years or more are referred to as supercentenarians. Many have either no official verification or are backed only by partial evidence. Cases where longevity has been fully verified, according to modern standards of longevity research, are reflected in an established list of supercentenarians based on the work of such international institutions as the Gerontology Research Group (GRG) and/or the Guinness World Records. Scientific status Prior to the nineteenth century, there was insufficient evidence either to demonstrate or to refute centenarian longevity.[1] Even today, no fixed theoretical limit to human longevity is apparent.[2] Studies[1] in the biodemography of human longevity indicate a late-life mortality deceleration law: that death rates level off at advanced ages to a late-life mortality plateau. That is, there is no fixed upper limit to human longevity, or fixed maximum human lifespan.[3] This law was first quantified in 1939, when researchers found that the one-year probability of death at advanced age asymptotically approaches a limit of 44% for women and 54% for men.[4] Researchers in Denmark have found a way to determine when a person was born based on radio-carbon dating done on the lens of the eye.[5] Categorization In 1955, Guinness World Records began maintaining a list of the verified oldest people. It developed into a list of all supercentenarians whose lifespan had been verified by at least three documents, in a standardized process, according the norms of modern longevity research. Many unverified cases ("claims" or "traditions") have been controverted by reliable sources. Taking reliable demographic data into account, these unverified case vary widely in their plausibility. Fully verified claims For fully verified human longevity claims, see supercentenarian and list of the verified oldest people. 99 people in modern history have been documented as reaching the age of 114. Only 30 of these people are fully verified as reaching 115; only ten have reached 116. The oldest person verified by modern standards, and the only person with undisputed evidence to have lived to be 120 (and over), was French woman Jeanne Calment (21 February 1875 – 4 August 1997), aged 122 years, 164 days. The oldest man verified by modern standards, and the only man with undisputed evidence to have lived to be 116 (and over), was Japanese man Jiroemon Kimura (19 April 1897 – 12 June 2013), aged 116 years, 54 days. As of 12 April 2014 the oldest verified living person is Japanese woman Misao Okawa, born 5 March 1898, age 116 years, 38 days. Problems in documenting The first two cases of people Guinness acknowledged as having reached 113 have now been discredited. The first three cases of people Guinness acknowledged as having reached 114 are no longer considered verified. 3 people previously regarded by Guinness or the Gerontology Research Group as having reached 116 are no longer considered verified. In numerous editions from the 1960s through the 1980s, Guinness stated that No single subject is more obscured by vanity, deceit, falsehood, and deliberate fraud than the extremes of human longevity. Despite demographic evidence of the known extremes of modern longevity, stories in otherwise reliable sources still surface regularly, stating that these extremes have been exceeded. Responsible, modern, scientific validation of human longevity requires investigation of records following an individual from birth to the present (or to death); purported longevity far outside the demonstrated records regularly fail such scrutiny. Actuary Walter G. Bowerman stated that ill-founded longevity assertions originate mainly in remote, underdeveloped regions, among illiterate peoples, evidenced by nothing more than family testimony.[6] In the transitional period of record-keeping, records tend to exist for the wealthy and upper-middle classes, but are often spotty and nonexistent for the poor. In the United States, birth registration did not begin in Mississippi until 1912 and was not universal until 1933. Hence, in many longevity cases, no actual birth record exists. This type of case is classified by gerontologists as "partially validated".[citation needed] Proximate records Since some cases were recorded in a census or in other reliable sources, obtainable evidence may complete full verification. Susie Gibson: Gibson and her family claimed a birthdate of 31 October 1889.[citation needed] The earliest record available, the 1900 census, lists her as born 31 October 1890.[citation needed] The 1900 census is a proximate record, not an immediate record written in 1890. The gerontologist's methodological conclusion is that, at her death on 16 February 2006, it is nearly certain (sufficiently verified) that Gibson was at least 115 years 108 days, and that additional documentation establishing 116 is possible. Maggie Barnes: Barnes claimed to be 117 at her death 19 January 1998.[citation needed] Inconsistent records suggested that she was born 6 March 1882 at the latest, but possibly a year earlier.[citation needed] The conclusion is that Barnes was at least 115 years 319 days, and could have been 116 or 117. Late-life records In another type of case, the only records that exist are late-life documents. Because age inflation often occurs in adulthood (to avoid military service or to apply for a pension early),[citation needed] or because the government may have begun record-keeping during an individual's lifetime, cases unverified by proximate records exist. These unverified cases are less likely to be true (because the records are written later), but are still possible. Longevity narratives were not subjected to rigorous scrutiny until the work of William Thoms in 1873.[citation needed] Thoms proposed the 100th-birthday test: is there evidence to support an individual's claimed age at what would be their centenary birthday?[citation needed] This test does not prove a person's age, but does winnow out typical pension-claim longevity exaggerations and spontaneous claims that a certain relative is over 150. Hanna Barysevich: Barysevich claimed to have been 118. This can be neither verified nor disproven from Belarus records. The claim is demographically possible but incompletely verified. The probability of surviving to age 118 is low. Pasikhat Dzhukalayeva: In 2004, The Moscow Times reported that Dzhukalayeva, of Chechnya, claimed to have been born in 1881 (age 122). The claim is possible but incompletely verified. Her death has not been reported since that time, so no age above 122 has been verifiably claimed.[7] Susie Brunson: Her obituaries appear in Star-News newspaper[8] and The New York Times.[9] Her family claims that she was born in 1870 and lived to age 123.[9] Her Social Security records indicate that she was born 25 December 1888, making her "only" 105 years 355 days, when she died 15 December 1994.[10][not in citation given] The claim is controverted by a reliable source.[citation needed] Reports with complete date of birth These are standardized lists of people whose lifespans remain unverified by proximate records, including both modern (Guinness-era) and historical cases. Claims missing either (or both) a date of birth/date of death are listed separately. All cases where an individual's supercentenarian lifespan is not (yet) backed by records sufficient to the standards of modern longevity research are listed as unverified. They may be factually true, even though records do not exist (or have not yet been found,) so such lists include these grey-area cases. Recent These notable living supercentenarian cases, in descending order of claimed age, with full birth and review dates, have been updated within the past two years, but have no publicly available early-life records to support them. The names and cases of people whose lifespan is documented by at least one publicly available, standardized early-life record are recorded by the Gerontology Research Group in a list of pending partially verified claims. The minimum claimed age for this list is 113 years, claims between 110 and 113, reported to be alive within the last year, may be found in the living supercentenarians article. Name Sex Reported birth date Age as of 12 April 2014 Place of residence Latest report Alimihan Seyiti[11][12][13] F 25 June 1886 127 years, 291 days China 5 November 2013 Leandra Becerra Lumbreras[14][15] F 31 August 1887 126 years, 224 days Mexico 28 August 2013 Carmelo Flores Laura[16] M 16 July 1890 123 years, 270 days Bolivia 14 August 2013 Turupu Aimaiti[17][18] M 5 February 1892 122 years, 66 days China 5 November 2013 Yaqub Qasim[19][20] M 4 January 1893 121 years, 98 days China 5 November 2013 Tian Longyu[21][22][23] F 28 April 1893 120 years, 349 days China 5 November 2013 Da Lanwan[24][25][26] F 3 May 1893 120 years, 344 days China 5 November 2013 Johanna Mazibuko[27] F 11 May 1894 119 years, 336 days South Africa 25 July 2013 Salvador Amesola Ontiveros[28] M 9 November 1894 119 years, 154 days Mexico 29 August 2013 Eurides Fagundes[29][30] F 6 December 1894 119 years, 127 days Brazil 12 March 2013 Yaolidaxi Yaoleiwasi[31][32] M 1 January 1895 119 years, 101 days China 5 November 2013 Cicilia Laurent[33] F 31 January 1896 118 years, 71 days Canada 8 March 2013 Premsai Patel M 11 May 1896 117 years, 336 days India 24 February 2014 Celino Villanueva Jaramillo[34][35] M 25 July 1896 117 years, 261 days Chile 25 July 2013 Fu Jiangshi[36][37][38] F 2 April 1897 117 years, 10 days China 5 November 2013 Huang Mayi[39][40] F 23 April 1897 116 years, 354 days China 5 November 2013 Fu Suqing[41][42][43][44] F 19 July 1897 116 years, 267 days China 5 November 2013 Apullanalada Ukku[45] F 22 August 1897 116 years, 233 days Sri Lanka 14 June 2013 Xing Yeshi[46][47] F 20 September 1897 116 years, 204 days China 11 October 2013 Huang Xu Ping[48][49] M 12 March 1898 116 years, 31 days China 31 July 2012 María Juana Martínez[50][51] F 7 May 1898 115 years, 340 days Argentina 8 May 2013 Guillermo Flores Reyes[52][53] M 25 June 1898 115 years, 276 days Mexico 22 November 2013 Gertrude Weaver[54][55][56] F 4 July 1898 115 years, 282 days United States 4 July 2013 Amalia López Celis[57] F 10 July 1898 115 years, 276 days Mexico 11 May 2013 Ciriaca Zapata[58][59] F 23 September 1898 115 years, 201 days Colombia 30 September 2013 Carlos Vázquez Lozada[60][61] M 4 October 1898 115 years, 190 days Mexico 29 August 2013 Manuel Carrasco Rodríguez[62] M 4 October 1898 115 years, 190 days Panama 28 October 2013 Andrew Hatch[63] M 7 October 1898 115 years, 187 days United States 7 October 2013 Marco Atehortúa Daza[64] M 31 December 1898 115 years, 102 days Colombia 31 December 2012 Li Suqing[65][66] F 14 January 1899 115 years, 88 days China 11 October 2013 Maria Valdomira dos Santos Souza[67] F 18 February 1899 115 years, 53 days Brazil 28 March 2013 Liu Qiu[68] F 6 April 1899 115 years, 6 days China 27 November 2013 Juan Arnout[69] M 17 May 1899 114 years, 330 days Dominican Republic 17 November 2013 Maria Domingas Vaz de Lima[70][71][72] F 15 August 1899 114 years, 240 days Brazil August 2013 Leodegária Cavalcanti[73] F 17 November 1899 114 years, 146 days Brazil 18 November 2013 Liu Rujin[74][75] F 4 January 1900 114 years, 98 days China 11 October 2013 Nicanora Sosa viuda de López[76] F 10 January 1900 114 years, 92 days Paraguay 13 January 2013 Eugídia Maria da Conceição[77] F 10 January 1900 114 years, 92 days Brazil 21 January 2013 Felício Ferreira dos Santos[78] M 10 January 1900 114 years, 92 days Brazil 6 September 2013 Laureano Mesa[79] M 10 January 1900 114 years, 92 days Colombia September 2013 Lin Zhujin[80][81] F 15 February 1900 114 years, 56 days China 8 October 2013 Apolonia Lisowska[82][83] F 18 February 1900 114 years, 53 days Poland 20 February 2014 José Delgado Corrales[84][85] M 10 March 1900 114 years, 33 days Costa Rica 10 March 2014 Yao Ziqing[86][87] F 18 March 1900 114 years, 25 days China 16 October 2013 Huang Chunying[88][89] F 7 April 1900 114 years, 5 days China 11 October 2013 Petronila Ernat Vázquez[90] F 29 April 1900 113 years, 348 days Dominican Republic 12 May 2013 Liu Feilan[91][92] F 4 June 1900 113 years, 312 days China 11 October 2013 Li Simei[93][94] F 6 June 1900 113 years, 310 days China 27 November 2013 Li Aizhu[95][96] F 16 June 1900 113 years, 300 days China 4 November 2013 Margie Lindsey[97] F 4 July 1900 113 years, 282 days United States 4 July 2013 Rosa da Silva[98] F 10 August 1900 113 years, 245 days Brazil 10 August 2013 Elpidio Ramírez Londres[99] M 16 November 1900 113 years, 147 days Cuba 20 November 2013 Mary Roberts[100] F 4 January 1901 113 years, 98 days South Africa 6 January 2014 Julia Maria Simões[101] F 9 January 1901 113 years, 93 days Brazil 13 January 2014 Rosa Elena Paucar Carrión[102][103] F 1 February 1901 113 years, 70 days Ecuador 11 February 2014 Past This table contain supercentenarian claims with either a known death date or no confirmation for more than 2 years that they were still alive. Only claims of ages 115–130 are included. They are listed in order of age as of the date of death or date last reported alive. Name Sex Reported birth date Death date or latest report Reported age Place of death/ latest residence Maria Do Carmo Geronimo[104] F 5 March 1871 14 June 2000 129 years, 101 days Brazil Mary Ewen [105] F 5 May 1878 10 April 2007 128 years, 340 days Jamaica Cruz Hernández[104] F 3 May 1878 8 March 2007 128 years, 309 days El Salvador Elizabeth Israel[104] F 27 January 1875 14 October 2003 128 years, 260 days Dominica Tuti Yusupova[106] F 1 July 1880 29 January 2009 128 years, 212 days Uzbekistan José del Rosario Serrano[107] M 5 March 1881 24 April 2009 128 years, 50 days Colombia Swami Kalyan Dev[104] M 26 June 1876 12 July 2004 128 years, 16 days India William Johnson[108] M 8 May 1881 15 May 2009 128 years, 7 days United States Luo Meizhen[109][110] F 9 July 1885 9 June 2013 127 years, 335 days China Halim Solmaz[111] F 1 July 1884 29 March 2012 127 years, 272 days Turkey Tshinyelo Dora Muzila[112] F 4 May 1880 14 January 2008 127 years, 255 days South Africa Nicolas Savin[113] M 17 April 1768 29 November 1894 126 years, 226 days Russia Benito Martínez Abrogán[104] M 19 June 1880 11 October 2006 126 years, 114 days Cuba Margarita Lacsi[114][115][116] F 30 March 1878 27 May 2004 126 years, 58 days Argentina Jackson Pollard[104] M 25 December 1869 25 October 1995 125 years, 304 days United States Nuri Öztunç[117] M 1 July 1885 6 March 2011 125 years, 248 days Turkey Juan Ramos[104] M 24 June 1880 24 January 2006 125 years, 214 days United States Aberewa Grace[104] F 16 August 1878 18 January 2004 125 years, 155 days Ghana Anna Visser[104] F 25 December 1878 8 January 2004 125 years, 14 days Namibia Maria Etelvina dos Santos[104] F 15 July 1878 8 March 2003 124 years, 236 days Brazil Hu Yeh-mei[118] F 10 February 1885 24 August 2009 124 years, 195 days China Armando Frid[104][119] M 24 May 1866 28 July 1990 124 years, 65 days Argentina Maria Verissimo de Matos[120][121] F 5 June 1888 17 June 2012 124 years, 12 days Brazil Ana Martinha da Silva[104] F 25 August 1880 27 July 2004 123 years, 337 days Brazil Arthur Reed[104] M 28 June 1860 15 April 1984 123 years, 292 days United States Hava Rexha[104] F 14 August 1880 8 November 2003 123 years, 86 days Albania Live Larsdatter[122] F 6 August 1575 9 July 1698 122 years, 337 days Denmark Shukhrat Aliyeva[123] F 1 January 1887 1 December 2009 122 years, 334 days United States Oberia Coffin[104] F 1 December 1883 18 October 2006 122 years, 321 days United States Nehemiah Ndur[124] M 25 February 1890 10 December 2012 122 years, 289 days Nigeria Dora Jacobs[104] F 6 May 1880 19 January 2003 122 years, 258 days South Africa Zhang Daoling[125][126] M 15 January 34 9 September 156 122 years, 238 days China Mamie Evans[104] F 2 July 1872 15 January 1995 122 years, 197 days United States David Peterson[104] M 22 November 1850 31 May 1973 122 years, 190 days United States Sarah Hoover[104] F 25 June 1874 15 December 1996 122 years, 173 days United States Seher Bulut[127][128][129] F 18 November 1884 4 April 2007 122 years, 137 days Turkey Magomed Labazanov[130] M 1 May 1890 11 September 2012 122 years, 133 days Russia Makgomo Sekhume[131] M 28 December 1879 fl. 2 May 2002 122 years, 125 days South Africa Lich Nguyen[104] M 4 December 1876 15 December 1998 122 years, 11 days United States William DuBerry[104] M 7 February 1870 13 November 1991 121 years, 279 days United States Cliceria Gómez-Morales[132] F 20 September 1885 fl. 28 April 2007 121 years, 220 days Mexico Celina Pinto da Silva[133] F 12 August 1889 16 December 2010 121 years, 126 days Brazil Rosalina Francisca da Silva[134] F 6 August 1886 27 October 2007 121 years, 82 days Brazil Khabibamal Khamitova[135][136] F 1 July 1890 17 September 2011 121 years, 78 days Russia Anna Ragel[137][138] F 4 July 1889 12 September 2010 121 years, 70 days Belarus Fred Greenwell[104] M 26 January 1880 22 January 2001 120 years, 362 days United States Mark Thrash[139] M 25 December 1822 17 December 1943 120 years, 357 days United States Atidje Starkova[104] F 12 May 1875 24 January 1996 120 years, 257 days Bulgaria James Hopkins[140] M 12 January 1824 10 September 1944 120 years, 242 days United States Du Pinhua[141] F 22 April 1886 11 December 2006 120 years, 233 days China Silvina Rosa de Jesus[142][143] F 20 June 1888 8 January 2009 120 years, 202 days Brazil Feime Hassanova[144] F 14 April 1879 fl. 2 October 1999 120 years, 171 days Bulgaria Rebecca Lanier F 24 March 1892 13 August 2012[145] 120 years, 142 days United States Mary Thompson[104] F 27 March 1876 3 August 1996 120 years, 129 days United States Ruperto Hernández[146] M 13 June 1887 10 August 2007 120 years, 58 days Nicaragua Bhling Talah[147] F 21 March 1887 fl. 21 March 2007 120 years, 0 days Vietnam Joana Ribeiro da Silva[148] F 25 May 1888 24 May 2008 119 years, 365 days Brazil Francisco Mateus de Santana[149] M 21 September 1889 6 September 2009 119 years, 350 days Brazil Francisca Salinas de Pieler[150] F 17 September 1878 fl. 31 August 1998 119 years, 348 days Argentina Carmen Lechado[151] F 5 February 1882 16 January 2002 119 years, 345 days Nicaragua Helen Bexi[152] F 17 August 1888 19 April 2008 119 years, 246 days Greece José de Jesus[153] M 10 January 1890 fl. September 2009 119 years, 234 days Brazil Noninji Elizabeth Bete[154] F 21 May 1886 fl. 4 December 2005 119 years, 197 days South Africa Li Cairong[104] F 12 November 1885 9 May 2005 119 years, 178 days China Ma Tengjun[155] M 25 April 1889 8 October 2008 119 years, 166 days China Józef Buszyło[156] M 7 October 1887 8 March 2007 119 years, 152 days Poland Ana María Pérez González[157] F 22 June 1890 17 November 2009 119 years, 148 days Mexico Slava Ivanchevich[158] F 10 June 1894 24 September 2013 119 years, 106 days Serbia Doralina Borba[159] F 22 January 1894 7 April 2013 119 years, 75 days Brazil Kamu Tongnumchokdee[160][161] M 8 May 1894 fl. July 21 2013 fl. 119 years, 74 days Thailand Mary J. Thompson[104] F 2 August 1882 8 October 2001 119 years, 67 days United States Hsu Yun[162][163][164] M 26 August 1840 13 October 1959 119 years, 48 days China Qiu Yingguang[165] M 21 November 1891 17 October 2010 118 years, 330 days China Sherin Kuloo[166] F 15 July 1872 31 May 1991 118 years, 320 days United States Osório Lopes de Santana[167] M 19 March 1885 24 January 2004 118 years, 311 days Brazil Hanna Barysevich[104] F 18 May 1888 23 February 2007 118 years, 281 days Belarus Pelageya Zakurdayeva[168] F 6 June 1886 13 March 2005 118 years, 280 days Russia Maikup Zhan[169] F 15 June 1890 5 February 2009 118 years, 235 days China Rose Peters[104] F 25 February 1883 26 September 2001 118 years, 213 days Dominica Felicie Cormier[170] F 9 November 1879 14 April 1998 118 years, 156 days Canada Manik Bokchalian[104] F 20 June 1880 15 November 1998 118 years, 148 days United States Lu Zijian[171] M 15 October 1893 20 February 2012 118 years, 128 days China Bienvenido P. Cancero[172] M 31 January 1890 16 May 2008 118 years, 106 days Philippines Yaso Kobayashi[104] F 2 March 1846 29 May 1964 118 years, 88 days Japan Alberto Yoip[104] M 12 May 1886 23 July 2004 118 years, 72 days Cuba Antonia Blanco Palma[173][174] F 26 October 1893 5 December 2011 118 years, 40 days Chile Augusto Guilherme da Cunha[175] M 15 May 1893 15 August 2011 118 years, 92 days Brazil Rev. Cornelius Jones[10][176] M 21 April 1861 16 May 1979 118 years, 25 days United States Józef Piotrowski[177] M 7 September 1887 fl. 8 September 2005 118 years, 1 day Poland María del Carmen Mayorga[178] F 16 July 1886 fl. 16 July 2004 118 years, 0 days Colombia Arme Tsering[179] F 16 March 1891 16 March 2009 118 years, 0 days China Varvara Semennikova[180] F 10 May 1890 9 March 2008 117 years, 304 days Russia Lucas Melón Ayala[181] M 6 August 1891 3 June 2009 117 years, 301 days Peru Chen Tuan[182] M 10 October 871 22 July 989 117 years, 285 days China Dominga Pantoja Nique[183] F 11 May 1889 14 February 2007 117 years, 279 days Peru Maria Andersson[104] F 24 December 1828 24 August 1946 117 years, 243 days Finland Maria Ederinn[184] F 25 April 1688 1 December 1805 117 years, 220 days Austria Lowe Garcia[185] F 2 November 1884 26 April 2002 117 years, 175 days Cuba Li Ada[104] F 11 April 1889 24 September 2006 117 years, 166 days China J. Chiossick[186] M 20 December 1702 22 May 1820 117 years, 154 days Italy Etory Hill[187] F 1 December 1878 23 April 1996 117 years, 144 days United States Sebastiana de Lourdes Silva[188] F 3 May 1895 4 September 2012 117 years, 124 days Brazil Kateryna Kozak[189] F 14 February 1897 13 March 2014 117 years, 27 days Ukraine LaJean Smith[190] F 15 June 1889 fl. 22 June 2006 117 years, 7 days United States Josefina Salguero[191] F 19 March 1890 18 March 2007 116 years, 364 days Mexico Mamie Truesdale[187] F 6 September 1873 24 August 1990 116 years, 352 days United States Martin Kaschke[192] M 5 November 1610 6 October 1727 116 years, 335 days Germany Jubee Nakamura[104] M 10 December 1852 4 November 1969 116 years, 329 days Japan Ito Morimoto[193] F 15 August 1853 7 June 1970 116 years, 296 days Japan Swami Maharadjah[194] M 13 April 1892 26 January 2009 116 years, 288 days India Amanda Aguilar[104] F 3 May 1890 14 February 2007 116 years, 287 days Nicaragua Dila Jaku[195] F 5 July 1895 16 April 2012 116 years, 286 days Albania Nils Öhrberg[196] M 1 January 1700 12 October 1816 116 years, 285 days Sweden Hryhoriy Nestor[197] M 15 March 1891 15 December 2007 116 years, 275 days Ukraine Fernando Gómez[198] M 5 May 1886 23 January 2003 116 years, 263 days Mexico Deraldo Santos[199][200] M 22 November 1894 12 August 2011 116 years, 263 days Brazil Philip Showers[187] M 24 June 1820 19 February 1937 116 years, 240 days United States Anísio Rodrigues Alves[201] M 30 December 1892 16 August 2009 116 years, 229 days Brazil Emilia Torrez F 1 October 1896 8 May 2013 116 years, 219 days Argentina Zhou Hushi[202] F 19 September 1893 18 April 2010 116 years, 211 days China Janina Izykowska[104] F 27 February 1882 25 September 1998 116 years, 210 days Poland Willie Henry Holmes[187] M 25 December 1867 9 July 1984 116 years, 197 days United States Clementina Rodríguez Quiros[203] F 13 November 1891 23 March 2008 116 years, 131 days Panama Yang Mingyun[6] M 30 November 1897 17 March 2014 116 years, 107 days China Minnie Lee Nave[104] F 15 August 1890 21 November 2006 116 years, 98 days United States Carrie C. White F 18 November 1874 14 February 1991 116 years, 88 days United States Richard Washington[204] M 13 April 1893 7 July 2009 116 years, 85 days United States Augustina Rosales[187] F 28 August 1878 10 November 1994 116 years, 74 days United States Kamato Hongo F 16 September 1887 31 October 2003 116 years, 45 days Japan Eva Rayo Potosme[205][206] F 18 May 1887 fl. 1 July 2003 116 years, 44 days Nicaragua He Erxiu[207] F 16 January 1898 18 February 2014 116 years, 33 days China Maria Benedita da Conceição[104] F 27 January 1887 20 February 2003 116 years, 24 days Brazil Elizabeth Johnson[208][209] F 25 December 1892 fl. 13 January 2009 116 years, 19 days United States Baji Safarova[104] F 3 July 1890 fl. July 2006 115 years, 363 days Azerbaijan Fan Xiuying[210] F 11 April 1892 30 March 2008 115 years, 354 days China Fahrija Mučić[211] F 5 September 1896 16 August 2012 115 years, 346 days Montenegro Elzira Rogelin[212] F 13 September 1893 22 August 2009 115 years, 343 days Brazil Igboezu Asoegwu[213] M 20 April 1890 fl. 28 March 2006 115 years, 342 days Nigeria Sóstenes Martínez[214] M 21 May 1891 fl. 27 April 2007 115 years, 341 days Mexico Margarita Beltrán Alas[215] F 13 June 1888 fl. 10 May 2004 115 years, 332 days El Salvador Asifyate Vistanova[216] F 15 September 1892 14 July 2008 115 years, 303 days Russia Tránsita Santana Damil[104] F 15 August 1888 3 June 2004 115 years, 293 days Chile Liddie Hollis Steele[187] F 9 May 1870 22 January 1986 115 years, 258 days United States Song Xiangyun[217][218] F 17 March 1893 18 November 2008 115 years, 246 days China Sadie Mae Caver[187] F 1 April 1888 21 November 2003 115 years, 234 days United States Demire Durollari[219] F 14 September 1895 26 April 2011 115 years, 224 days United States Sant Kaur Bajwa[220] F 1 January 1898 19 July 2013 115 years, 199 days United Kingdom Nancy Lawhead[104] F 12 March 1884 1 September 1999 115 years, 173 days United States Alípio Francelino da Silva[221][222] M 15 August 1891 3 February 2007 115 years, 172 days Brazil Chen Aixiang[223][224] F 6 December 1895 1 May 2011 115 years, 146 days China Odília Alves dos Santos[225][226] F 20 January 1896 28 May 2011 115 years, 128 days Brazil He Wenzhang[227] M 9 April 1894 13 August 2009 115 years, 126 days China Catherine Singletary[104] F 16 September 1885 12 January 2001 115 years, 118 days United States Nancy Brock[187] F 2 August 1800 27 November 1915 115 years, 117 days United States Juana Corona[187] F 20 October 1794 24 January 1910 115 years, 96 days United States Eulalia Herrera[228] F 12 February 1887 16 April 2002 115 years, 63 days Mexico Maria Strelnikova[229][230] F 15 March 1890 3 May 2005 115 years, 49 days Russia Ellen Carroll[231] F 21 October 1828 8 December 1943 115 years, 48 days Canada Floripes Luzia Damasio[232] F 13 December 1889 fl. 15 January 2005 115 years, 33 days Brazil Fan Shee Hoo[233] F 18 December 1895 5 January 2011 115 years, 18 days Canada Laura Green[187] F 23 December 1800 27 December 1915 115 years, 4 days United States Marfa Salaikijskaja[234] F 10 September 1889 fl. 10 September 2004 115 years, 0 days Lithuania References ^ Jump up to: a b Gavrilov, Leonid A.; Gavrilova, Natalia S.; Center on Aging, National Opinion Research Center/University of Chicago (June 2000). "Book Reviews: Validation of Exceptional Longevity". Population Dev Rev 26 (2): 403–4. Retrieved 18 May 2009. Jump up ^ Gavrilov, L. A.; Gavrilova, N. S. (1991). The biology of life span: a quantitative approach. New York City: Harwood Academic Publishers. ISBN 978-3-7186-4983-9. Jump up ^ Gavrilov, Leonid A.; Center on Aging, National Opinion Research Center/University of Chicago (5 March 2004). "Biodemography of Human Longevity (Keynote Lecture)". International Conference on Longevity. Retrieved 18 May 2009. Jump up ^ Greenwood, M.; Irwin, J. O. (1939). "The biostatics of senility". Human Biology 11: 1–23. Retrieved 18 May 2009. Jump up ^ "The Eyes Have It: Researchers Can Now Determine When A Human Was Born By Looking Into The Eyes Of The Dead". 2008. Retrieved 28 Feb 2013. Jump up ^ "No Methuselahs". Time Magazine. 12 August 1974. Retrieved 13 May 2009. Jump up ^ Aliev, Timur (17 February 2004). "122-Year-Old Chechen Has Seen a Lot". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 13 November 2009. Jump up ^ Vance, Tricia (30 November 1994). "Susie Brunson, thought to be oldest American, dies at 123". Star-News. p. 21. Retrieved 13 November 2009. ^ Jump up to: a b "Susie Brunson; Perhaps the Oldest American, 123". The New York Times. 1 December 1994. Retrieved 13 November 2009. ^ Jump up to: a b "Social Security Death Index (SSDI)". Rootsweb. Retrieved 20 April 2011. Jump up ^ 新疆127岁老人成中国第一寿星 生于清光绪年间(图) (Chinese) Jump up ^ Doubts emerge over China's '127-year-old' woman, who 'can eat a dozen meat buns', SCMP, 29 Aug 2013 Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星年龄最大127岁 山东116岁老人排第八 (Chinese) Jump up ^ EFE (31 August 2011). "Mexican Woman Celebrates 124th Birthday". Fox News Latino. Retrieved 3 September 2011. Jump up ^ Chávez, Gabriela (28 August 2013). "Doña Leandra: 126 años y 154 nietos, bisnietos y tataranietos" (in Spanish). El Financiero. Retrieved 31 August 2013. Jump up ^ "Bolivian records show a 123-year-old man there is the oldest living person documented". USA Today. AP. August 14, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2013. Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星年龄最大127岁 山东116岁老人排第八 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 120岁寿星精心伺候一群羊 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星年龄最大127岁 山东116岁老人排第八 (Chinese) Jump up ^ “第五届中国十大寿星” (Chinese) Jump up ^ 唐江澎 (14 October 2012). "听说要照相 119岁湖南最年长者摆出V手势" (in Chinese). changsha.cn. Retrieved 14 October 2012. Jump up ^ 每天上下70多级台阶 Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星年龄最大127岁 山东116岁老人排第八 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 云南现有1241位百岁老人 最年长者120岁在怒江 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星之首今年128岁 最小的比毛主席还大！（图） (Chinese) Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星年龄最大127岁 山东116岁老人排第八 (Chinese) Jump up ^ South African woman, 119, may be World’s oldest Jump up ^ Tiene 119 años el hombre más longevo en Nayarit (Spanish) Jump up ^ Aos 118 anos, idosa mostra vaidade e bom humor em Salvador (Portuguese) Jump up ^ Brasileira Eurides Fagundes completa 118 anos e pode ser a mulher mais velha do Mumundo (Portuguese) Jump up ^ 阿克苏百岁及以上老人128人 最高龄118岁 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星年龄最大127岁 山东116岁老人排第八 (Chinese) Jump up ^ Haïti-Canada: Et si l’Haïtienne Cicilia Laurent, 117 ans, était la doyenne de l’humanité…? (French) Jump up ^ [1][dead link] Jump up ^ Celino Villanueva celebró sus 117 años (Spanish) Jump up ^ "山东省"泰山寿星"付姜氏" (in Chinese). 中国敬老院网. 4 February 2010. Retrieved 11 November 2011. Jump up ^ 曹县信息港 (22 October 2012). "高木斗到曹县看望百岁老人付姜氏" (in Chinese). heze369.com. Retrieved 22 October 2012. Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星年龄最大127岁 山东116岁老人排第八 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 116岁老人成为广西新寿星 在中国十大寿星中排第9 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星年龄最大127岁 山东116岁老人排第八 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 曹惠君/sc.chinanews(12 January 2012). 四川最长寿老人付素清寒冬感受温暖 (Chinese) Sichuan News Network Jump up ^ 115-year-old Chengdu woman may be the world's oldest person Jump up ^ [2][dead link] Jump up ^ 中国十大寿星年龄最大127岁 山东116岁老人排第八 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 116-year-old Sri Lankan is world's oldest person Jump up ^ 我市共有百岁寿星506位 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 江苏最长寿老人116岁 再生黑发被叹“返老还童” (Chinese) Jump up ^ "爱心火麻月饼 馈赠百岁老人" (in Chinese). 南国早报. 3 September 2010. Retrieved 19 August 2011. Jump up ^ "寿乡巴马·百岁寿星黄卜新". bamasd100. 31 July 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2012. Jump up ^ "María Juana Martínez cumplió 114 años y es la más longeva del país" (in Spanish). Primera Edición. 14 May 2012. Retrieved 27 December 2012. Jump up ^ "Homenaje de Bdo. de Irigoyen y Misiones a María Juana Martínez en su cumpleaños 115" (in Spanish). Noticero12.com. 8 May 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2014. Jump up ^ El último "Dorado de Villa" vive de recuerdos, no tiene para comer (Spanish) Jump up ^ [3][dead link] Jump up ^ Holiday is 112th birthday for local woman Jump up ^ ""Iâm Still Here 113 Years Young and Counting" - CNN iReport". CNN. Jump up ^ [4][dead link] Jump up ^ Amalia López Celis es la persona más longeva, tiene 114 años (Spanish) Jump up ^ Con 114 años, Ciriaca es de las más viejas del mundo (Spanish) Jump up ^ La mujer más vieja de Los Tupes tiene 115 años (Spanish) Jump up ^ Brindan homenaje gobierno y Congreso de NL a sus centenarios (Spanish) Jump up ^ Festejan a regios de hasta ¡114 años! (Spanish) Jump up ^ ‘Quiero llegar a 120’ (Spanish) Jump up ^ Hill, Angela/Oakland Tribune (7 October 2011). "Oakland's Andrew Hatch turns 113". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved 10 October 2011. Jump up ^ Marco Tulio Atehortúa cumple 114 años y no le duele ni una muela (Spanish)[unreliable source?] Jump up ^ 113岁老人成上海第一寿星 女儿贴身照顾47年 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 男女寿星冠军的秘诀：喝牛奶、睡足觉 (Chinese) Jump up ^ Aniversário Centenário: Determinação, fé e esperança aos 114 anos (Portuguese) Jump up ^ 广东最长寿老人114岁 (Chinese) Jump up ^ Mulher mais idosa da Paraíba completa 114 anos (Portuguese) Jump up ^ Mulher comemora 111 anos em Passo Fundo (Portuguese) Jump up ^ Alegria, emoção e confraternização para comemorar 114 anos (Portuguese) Jump up ^ SJO realiza visita a Abrigo de Idosos (Portuguese) Jump up ^ Mulher mais idosa da Paraíba completa 114 anos (Portuguese) Jump up ^ 石棉：百岁老人李如金 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 我市最年长老人113岁 (Chinese) Jump up ^ Doña Nicanora cumple 113 años y es la más longeva del país (Spanish) Jump up ^ Mulher mais idosa da cidade completa 113 anos nesta quinta (Portuguese) Jump up ^ Aos 113 anos, um dos homens mais velhos do Brasil mora em Rondônia (Portuguese) Jump up ^ Un tatarabuelo de 113 de años, una vida de historias (Spanish) Jump up ^ 闽现有1690名百岁老人 福州297名位列全省第二 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 福建老龄网 (Chinese) Jump up ^ Skończyła 113 lat! Oto najstarsza kobieta w Polsce (Polish) Jump up ^ Pani Apolonia Lisowska kończy 114 lat! (Polish) Jump up ^ 113 Year Old Tico José Delgado Corrales is Oldest Man in the World Jump up ^ El costarricense de mayor edad en el país cumple 114 años este lunes (Spanish) Jump up ^ 黔东南百岁老人达115人 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 贵州黔东南有118位百岁老人“老神仙”生于1900年 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 江西有百岁老人992位 女性多于男性最高115岁 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 曾经苦难享受今天 闲不住的112岁赣州寿王 (Chinese) Jump up ^ Nila, la súper centenaria de Las Tunas (Spanish) Jump up ^ 江西有百岁老人992位 女性多于男性最高115岁 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 刘飞兰：跨越世纪的静谧 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 广东最长寿老人114岁 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 佛山現今最老老人112歲 住在南海大瀝 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 金典心城：生活在长寿之乡的百岁老人教我们的事 (Chinese) Jump up ^ 澄迈县李爱珠 (Chinese) Jump up ^ Greenville woman celebrates 113th birthday on July 4 Jump up ^ Idosa de linhares completa 113 anos (Portuguese) Jump up ^ ¡Eso habría que verlo, Elpidio! (Spanish) Jump up ^ Local woman turns 113 Jump up ^ Anciã comemora seus 113 anos com festa em Afonso Cláudio (Portuguese) Jump up ^ Renovó su cédula a los 111 años (Spanish) Jump up ^ Elenita Paucar cumple 113 años en Loja (Spanish) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap Young, Robert (15 December 2007). "World's Oldest Claimants". Gerontology Research Group. Retrieved 7 November 2010. Jump up ^ McDaniel, Byron (1 May 2007). "128-y-o Jamaican woman dies". Gleaner Company. Retrieved 4 November 2010. Jump up ^ "Uzbek is 'world's oldest woman'". BBC News. 29 January 2009. Jump up ^ Alsema, Adriaan (25 April 2009). "Colombia's oldest man dies at 128". Colombia Reports. Retrieved 24 April 2011.[dead link] Jump up ^ Shearon, Robert (15 May 2009). "NLR man celebrates his 128th birthday". The North Little Rock Times. Retrieved 21 May 2011.[dead link] Jump up ^ World's 'oldest woman' dies in China: family Jump up ^ Saatchi, Charles (10 October 2013). "Perfect health is merely the slowest way to die". London Evening Standard (London: Evening Standard Limited). Retrieved 21 November 2013. Jump up ^ [5][dead link] Jump up ^ Gabara, Nthambeleni (18 January 2008). "Granny Tshinyelo Muzila (127) passes away". Zoutnet. Retrieved 24 April 2011.[dead link] Jump up ^ Mathieu, Frédéric (2008). Napoléon, les derniers témoins (in French). Éditions Sébirot. ISBN 978-2-9532726-0-4. Jump up ^ Notimex (30 March 2004). "Anciana argentina celebra su cumpleaños número 126" (in Spanish). Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas. Retrieved 26 April 2011.[dead link] Jump up ^ DyN (30 March 2004). "Margarita Lacsi, "la abuela de todos los jujeños", cumplió 126 años" (in Spanish). La Nación. Retrieved 30 March 2004. Jump up ^ Télam (28 May 2004). "Falleció una mujer de 126 años en Jujuy" (in Spanish). DiarioC. Retrieved 24 April 2011. Jump up ^ Çinar, Mehmet (Doğan Haber Ajansı) (6 March 2011). "126 yaşında öldü!" (in Turkish). Vatan Gazetesi. Retrieved 26 June 2011. Jump up ^ Wu, Lilian (Central News Agency) (25 August 2009). "Taiwan's oldest person passes away". Taiwan News. Retrieved 4 November 2010. Jump up ^ Armando Frid: Said to be 124 years old Jump up ^ "A MULHER MAIS VELHA DO MUNDO VIVE EM ALTO ALEGRE- MA" (in Portuguese). Alto alegre noticias. 7 April 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2011. Jump up ^ "Morre no MA a mulher mais velha do mundo" (in Portuguese). Gazeta da Ilha. 18 June 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2012. Jump up ^ Christianson, John (2002). On Tycho's island: Tycho Brahe, science, and culture in the sixteenth century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 281. ISBN 978-0-521-00884-6. Jump up ^ "Experts Investigating Family's Claims Woman Lived to 122". Fox News Channel. Associated Press. 3 December 2009. Retrieved 4 November 2010. Jump up ^ Evangelist Nehemiah Shawon Ndur, Oldest Man In Benue State Dies At 122 Jump up ^ Olles, Volker (1998). Spuren des Himmelsmeisters: zur Rolle von Zhang Daoling in der frühen daoistischen Religion (in German) 2. LIT. ISBN 978-3-8258-3771-6. Jump up ^ "张道陵天师纪念馆" (in Chinese). 无尽的爱纪念网. Retrieved 24 April 2011.[dead link] Jump up ^ "‘En yaşlı kadın’ unvanına aday" (in Turkish). NTV. April 2006. Retrieved 24 April 2011. Jump up ^ ""Dünyanın en yaşlı kadını" unvanına aday olan Seher Bulut, 123 yaşında öldü" (in Turkish). Haberler. 5 April 2007. Retrieved 24 April 2011. Jump up ^ 122-year-old Turkish woman applies for Guinness World Record Jump up ^ (12 September 2012)Russia’s oldest man dies aged 122 RT.com. Retrieved 24 July 2013. Jump up ^ Fourie, Erika (2 May 2002). "Vrae oor wie oudste mens op aarde is" (in Afrikaans). Die Burger. Retrieved 29 May 2011. Jump up ^ Diario del Istmo (28 April 2007). (in Spanish). Jump up ^ Rondoniaovivo (16 December 2010). "121 ANOS - Morre a mulher mais idosa de Rondônia" (in Portuguese). Jornal Eletrônico. Retrieved 21 June 2011. Jump up ^ "Baiana de 121 anos é uma das mais velhas do mundo" (in Portuguese). Terra. 27 October 2007. Retrieved 23 April 2011. Jump up ^ Pravda.ru (1 July 2011). "Самая старая россиянка празднует 121-летие" (in Russian). Mail.ru. Retrieved 1 July 2011. Jump up ^ "На 122 году ушла из жизни старейшая жительница Южного Урала Хабибамал Хаметова" (in Russian). БезФормата.Ru. 27 September 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Jump up ^ "Ад чаго залежыць працягласьць нашага жыцьця?" (in Belarusian). Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 25 October 2010. Retrieved 22 April 2011. Jump up ^ Лабадзенка, Глеб (7 July 2009). "Куды ж мне замуж, як узбярэцца мужык — дык i задушыць!.." (in Russian). Pravda. Retrieved 4 November 2010.[dead link] Jump up ^ Faig, K. (2002). REPORTED DEATHS OF CENTENARIANS AND NEAR-CENTENARIANS IN THE U.S. SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION’S DEATH MASTER FILE. Society of Actuaries. pp. 12–13. Jump up ^ Nelson, Stanley (30 October 2008). "Mystery of Ferriday's 120-year-old Confederate war vet". The Concordia Sentinel. Retrieved 25 April 2011.[dead link] Jump up ^ "吉尼斯世界纪录中世界最长寿者意外摔伤驾鹤西去" (in Chinese). 国研趋势网. 30 September 2008. Retrieved 7 November 2010.[dead link] Jump up ^ "INSS corta aposentadoria de Mulher de 119 anos" (in Portuguese). Sindicato Nacional Dos Aposentados. 17 August 2007. Retrieved 26 April 2011.[dead link] Jump up ^ "Silvina Rosa De Jesus (1888-2008)" (in Portuguese). FOLHA. 8 January 2009. Retrieved 26 April 2011. Jump up ^ "Bulgaarse (120) mogelijk oudste mens ter wereld" (in Dutch). MKB-Nederland. 2 October 1999. Retrieved 7 November 2010. Jump up ^ Rebecca Lanier, believed by many to be world's oldest person, dies of cancer Jump up ^ Agence France-Presse (12 August 2007). "Muere a los 120 años el hombre más longevo de Nicaragua" (in Spanish). El Universo. Retrieved 26 April 2011. Jump up ^ Vietnamese woman turns 120 years old Jump up ^ Chaves, Raquel (24 May 2008). "Joaninha: um sorriso de 120 anos" (in Portuguese). Opovo. Retrieved 23 April 2011.[dead link] Jump up ^ "Morre homem com 119 anos" (in Portuguese). 10 September 2009. Retrieved 26 April 2011. Jump up ^ Gabriela Origlia (31 August 1998). "Cumplirá 120 años y tiene buen humor" (in Spanish). La Nación. Retrieved 27 December 2012. Jump up ^ Fernández, Mariela (17 January 2002). "Muere doña Carmen Lechado" (in Spanish). La Prensa. Retrieved 26 April 2011. Jump up ^ Η γηραιότερη Ελληνίδα είναι 120 ετών - Είναι γεννημένη το 1888 (in Greek). Ο Κόσμος της Πάτρας. 19 April 2008. Jump up ^ "Mineiro de Betim pode ser o mais velho do mundo" (in Portuguese). Jornal O TEMPO Betim. September 2009. Retrieved 4 June 2011. Jump up ^ "Is Bete the world's oldest person?". Independent Online. 1 December 2005. Retrieved 26 April 2011. Jump up ^ 飞天论坛 (8 October 2008). "甘肃省105岁以上寿星名单" (in Chinese). 穿墙网 吉. Retrieved 23 April 2011.[dead link] Jump up ^ "Becikowe nie pomogło" (in Polish). Kurek Mazurski. 24 January 2007. Retrieved 4 November 2010. Jump up ^ EFE (27 November 2009). "Muere la mujer más vieja del mundo, con 119 años y 266 descendientes" (in Spanish). Terra. Retrieved 26 April 2011. Jump up ^ TUGA: Najstarija Srpkinja baka Slava preminula u 119. godini! (Serbian) Jump up ^ Morre a montenegrina de 119 anos (Portuguese) Jump up ^ 119-year-old Thai to be listed in book of world records Jump up ^ เศร้า! พ่อเฒ่ากะเหรี่ยงวัย 119 ปีสิ้นลมแล้ว (Thai) Jump up ^ Xuyun (1988). Empty Cloud: the autobiography of the Chinese Zen Master, Xu-Yun; Luk, Charles (translator). Element Books. ISBN 978-1-85230-031-9. Jump up ^ Xuyun, p.1. Jump up ^ Xuyun, p.xiv. Jump up ^ 邱陵 (18 October 2010). "邱映光：119岁传奇闽商" (in Chinese). Fuzhou News. Retrieved 6 May 2011. Jump up ^ "Sherin Kuloo, 118; Believed to Be Oldest U.S. Resident". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. 1 June 1991. Retrieved 6 May 2011. Jump up ^ "Pernambucano de 118 anos morre em Goiás" (in Portuguese). Agência Londrix. 16 January 2004. Retrieved 7 November 2010. Jump up ^ "Закурдаева Пелагея Осиповна" (in Russian). Алтайский край. Retrieved 6 May 2011. Jump up ^ 马敏 (13 May 2009). "119岁 中国年龄最大的女寿星在新疆去世" (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. Retrieved 6 May 2011. Jump up ^ "Marie-Louise Meilleur, 117, And Felicie Cormier, 118". The New York Times. 18 April 1998. Jump up ^ 吕紫剑 (Chinese) Jump up ^ "El pensionista mas antiguo de Filipinas tiene 118 años" (in Spanish). Diario de Ibiza. 16 May 2008. Retrieved 23 |
About us|Jobs|Help|Disclaimer|Advertising services|Contact us|Sign in|Website map|Search|
GMT+8, 2015-9-11 21:48 , Processed in 0.133514 second(s), 16 queries .
