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Ellen Churchill Semple (January 8, 1863 – May 8, 1932) was an American geographer. Ellen was born in Louisville, Kentucky, the youngest of five children by Alexander Bonner Semple and Emerine Price. She is most closely associated with work in anthropogeography and environmentalism. In a series of books and papers she communicated certain aspects of the work of German geographer Friedrich Ratzel to the Anglophone community. Standard disciplinary accounts often attribute to Semple a prevailing interest in environmental determinism, a theory that the physical environment, rather than social conditions, determines culture; however her later work emphasized environmental influences as opposed to the environment's deterministic effect on culture, reflecting broader academic discontent with environmental determinism after the First World War. Semple studied at Vassar College and the University of Leipzig. She taught at the University of Chicago and at Clark University. She died at West Palm Beach, Florida. Ellen C. Semple Elementary School in Louisville is named after Semple. She is buried in the Cave Hill National Cemetery in Louisville. Works Civilization Is at Bottom an Economic Fact. 1896 The Influence of the Appalachian Barrier Upon Colonial History. 1897 The Anglo-Saxons of the Kentucky Mountains: A Study in Anthropogeography. 1901 The Badlands of Tillydrone. 1902 American History and Its Geographic Conditions. 1903 The North-Shore Villages of the Lower St. Lawrence. 1904 The Influence of the Watering Hole Upon Hillhead Halls. 1904 Influences of Geographic Environment: On the Basis of Ratzel's System of Anthropo-Geography. 1911 Barrier Boundary of the Mediterranean Basin and Its Northern Breaches As Factors in History. 1915 Pirate Coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. 1916 Texts of the Ukraine "Peace": With Maps. 1918 The Ancient Piedmont Route of Northern Mesopotamia. 1919 The Barbarians of Balnagask 1920 Geographic Factors in the Ancient Mediterranean Grain Trade. 1921 The Influence of Geographic Conditions Upon Ancient Mediterranean Stock-Raising. 1922 The Templed Promontories of the Ancient Mediterranean. 1927 Ancient Mediterranean Agriculture. 1928 Ancient Mediterranean Pleasure Gardens. 1929 The Geography of the Mediterranean Region: Its Relation to Ancient History. 1931 References Keighren, Innes M. “Bringing geography to the book: charting the reception of Influences of geographic environment.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 31, no. 4 (2006): 525–40. Keighren, Innes M. Bringing geography to book: Ellen Semple and the reception of geographical knowledge. London: I.B. Tauris, 2010. "Semple, Ellen Churchill." Notable American Women. Vol. 2, 4th ed., The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1975 worldcat.org Accessed August 27, 2007 |
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