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Wastewater or sewage can come from (text in brackets indicates likely inclusions or contaminants): Human waste (fæces, used toilet paper or wipes, urine, or other bodily fluids), also known as blackwater, usually from lavatories; Cesspit leakage; Septic tank discharge; Sewage treatment plant discharge; Washing water (personal, clothes, floors, dishes, etc.), also known as greywater or sullage; Rainfall collected on roofs, yards, hard-standings, etc. (generally clean with traces of oils and fuel); Groundwater infiltrated into sewage; Surplus manufactured liquids from domestic sources (drinks, cooking oil, pesticides, lubricating oil, paint, cleaning liquids, etc.); Urban rainfall runoff from roads, carparks, roofs, sidewalks, or pavements (contains oils, animal feces, litter, gasoline, diesel or rubber residues, soapscum, metals from vehicle exhausts, etc.); Seawater ingress (high volumes of salt and microbes); Direct ingress of river water (high volumes of micro-biota); Direct ingress of manmade liquids (illegal disposal of pesticides, used oils, etc.); Highway drainage (oil, de-icing agents, rubber residues); Storm drains (almost anything, including cars, shopping trolleys, trees, cattle, etc.); Blackwater (surface water contaminated by sewage); Industrial waste industrial site drainage (silt, sand, alkali, oil, chemical residues); Industrial cooling waters (biocides, heat, slimes, silt); Industrial process waters; Organic or biodegradable waste, including waste from abattoirs, creameries, and ice cream manufacture; Organic or non bio-degradable/difficult-to-treat waste (pharmaceutical or pesticide manufacturing); Extreme pH waste (from acid/alkali manufacturing, metal plating); Toxic waste (metal plating, cyanide production, pesticide manufacturing, etc.); Solids and emulsions (paper manufacturing, foodstuffs, lubricating and hydraulic oil manufacturing, etc.); Agricultural drainage, direct and diffuse. Hydraulic fracturing Produced water from oil & natural gas production |
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