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Main article: Depiction of Jesus An ancient wall painting depicting Jesus Jesus healing a paralytic in one of the first known images of Jesus from Dura Europos in the 2nd century The oldest surviving panel icon of Christ Pantocrator, encaustic on panel, c. 6th century. Some of the earliest depictions of Jesus at the Dura-Europos church are firmly dated to before 256.[370] Thereafter, despite the lack of biblical references or historical records, a wide range of depictions of Jesus appeared during the last two millennia, often influenced by cultural settings, political circumstances and theological contexts.[268][269][283] As in other Early Christian art, the earliest depictions date to the late second or early third century, and surviving images are found especially in the Catacombs of Rome.[371] The depiction of Christ in pictorial form was controversial in the early church.[372][373] The Byzantine Iconoclasm acted as a barrier to developments in the East, but by the ninth century, art was permitted again.[268] The Transfiguration was a major theme in Eastern Christian art, and every Eastern Orthodox monk who had trained in icon painting had to prove his craft by painting an icon depicting it.[374] The Renaissance brought forth a number of artists who focused on depictions of Jesus; Fra Angelico and others followed Giotto in the systematic development of uncluttered images.[268] The Protestant Reformation brought a revival of aniconism in Christianity, but total prohibition was atypical, and Protestant objections to images have tended to reduce since the 16th century. Although large images are generally avoided, few Protestants now object to book illustrations depicting Jesus.[375][376] The use of depictions of Jesus is advocated by the leaders of denominations such as Anglicans and Catholics[377][378][379] and is a key element of the Eastern Orthodox tradition.[380][381] |
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