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A typical Jew in Jesus' time had only one name, sometimes supplemented with the father's name or the individual's hometown.[27] Thus, in the New Testament, Jesus is referred to as "Jesus of Nazareth"[f] (Matthew 26:71), "Joseph's son" (Luke 4:22), and "Jesus son of Joseph from Nazareth" (John 1:45). However, in Mark 6:3, rather than being called the son of Joseph, he is referred to as "the son of Mary and brother of James and Joses and Judas and Simon". The name Jesus is derived from the Latin Iesus, a transliteration of the Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iesous).[28] The Greek form is a rendition of the Aramaic ישוע (Yeshua), which is derived from the Hebrew יהושע (Yehoshua).[29][30] The name Yeshua appears to have been in use in Judea at the time of the birth of Jesus.[31] The first-century works of historian Flavius Josephus (who wrote in Koine Greek, the same language as that of the New Testament)[32] refer to at least twenty different people with the name Jesus (i.e. Ἰησοῦς).[33] The etymology of Jesus' name in the context of the New Testament is generally given as "Yahweh is salvation".[34] Since early Christianity, Christians have commonly referred to Jesus as "Jesus Christ".[35] The word Christ is derived from the Greek Χριστός (Christos),[28][36] which is a translation of the Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (Masiah), meaning the "anointed" and usually transliterated into English as "Messiah".[37][38] Christians designate Jesus as Christ because they believe he is the awaited Messiah prophesied in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament). In postbiblical usage, Christ became viewed as a name—one part of "Jesus Christ"—but originally it was a title.[39][40] The term "Christian" (meaning "one who owes allegiance to the person Christ" or simply "follower of Christ") has been in use since the first century.[41][42] |
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