Active transport and Passive transport - Movement of molecules into and out of cells. Autophagy - The process whereby cells "eat" their own internal components or microbial invaders. Adhesion - Holding together cells and tissues. Reproduction - Made possible by the combination of sperm made in the testiculi (contained in some male cells' nuclei) and the egg made in the ovary (contained in the nucleus of a female cell). When the sperm breaks through the hard outer shell of the egg a new cell embryo is formed, which, in humans, grows to full size in nine months. Cell movement - Chemotaxis, contraction, cilia and flagella. Cell signaling - Regulation of cell behavior by signals from outside. DNA repair - Cell death and cell senescence. Metabolism - Glycolysis, respiration, photosynthesis, and chemosynthesis. Transcription and mRNA splicing - Gene expression. |
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