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Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix — a unitary matrix used in particle physics to describe the strength of flavour-changing weak decays. Density matrix — a matrix describing the statistical state of a quantum system. Hermitian, non-negative and with trace 1. Fundamental matrix (computer vision) — a 3 × 3 matrix in computer vision that relates corresponding points in stereo images. Fuzzy associative matrix — a matrix in artificial intelligence, used in machine learning processes. Gamma matrices — 4 × 4 matrices in quantum field theory. Gell-Mann matrices — a generalisation of the Pauli matrices; these matrices are one notable representation of the infinitesimal generators of the special unitary group SU(3). Hamiltonian matrix — a matrix used in a variety of fields, including quantum mechanics and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) systems. Irregular matrix — a matrix used in computer science which has a varying number of elements in each row. Overlap matrix — a type of Gramian matrix, used in quantum chemistry to describe the inter-relationship of a set of basis vectors of a quantum system. S matrix — a matrix in quantum mechanics that connects asymptotic (infinite past and future) particle states. State transition matrix — Exponent of state matrix in control systems. Substitution matrix — a matrix from bioinformatics, which describes mutation rates of amino acid or DNA sequences. Z-matrix — a matrix in chemistry, representing a molecule in terms of its relative atomic geometry. |
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