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The British Agricultural Revolution is considered one of the causes of the Industrial Revolution because improved agricultural productivity freed up workers to work in other sectors of the economy.[48] Industrial technologies that affected farming included the seed drill, the Dutch plow, which contained iron parts and the threshing machine. Jethro Tull's seed drill invented an improved seed drill in 1701. It was a mechanical seeder which distributed seeds efficiently across a plot of land. This was important because the yield of seeds harvested to seeds planted at that time was around four or five. Tull's seed drill was very expensive and not very reliable and therefore did not have much of an impact. Sturdy seed drills were not produced until the mid 18th century.[49] Joseph Foljambe's Rotherham plough of 1730, was the first commercially successful iron plough.[50] The threshing machine, invented by Andrew Meikle in 1784, displaced hand threshing with a flail, a laborious job that took about one-quarter of agricultural labor.[51] It took several decades to diffuse[52] and was the final straw for many farm labourers, who faced near starvation, leading to the 1830 agricultural rebellion of the Swing Riots. Machine tools and metalworking techniques developed during the Industrial Revolution eventually resulted in precision manufacturing techniques in the late 19th century for mass producing agricultural equipment such as reapers, binders and combine harvesters.[53] |
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