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Levels

2014-2-21 23:39| view publisher: amanda| views: 3009| wiki(57883.com) 0 : 0

description: Preventive healthcare strategies are typically described as taking place at the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary prevention levels. In addition, the term primal prevention has been used to ...

Preventive healthcare strategies are typically described as taking place at the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention levels. In the 1940s, Hugh R. Leavell and E. Gurney Clark coined the term primary prevention. They worked at the Harvard and Columbia University Schools of Public Health, respectively, and later expanded the levels to include secondary and tertiary prevention.^[9] Goldston (1987) notes that these levels might be better described as "prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation"^[9] though the terms primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention are still commonly in use today.

Level	Definition
Primary prevention	Methods to avoid occurrence of disease either through eliminating disease agents or increasing resistance to disease.^[1] Examples include immunization against disease, maintaining a healthy diet and exercise regimen, and avoiding smoking.^[10]
Secondary prevention	Methods to detect and address an existing disease prior to the appearance of symptoms.^[1] Examples include treatment of hypertension (a risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases), cancer screenings ^[10]
Tertiary prevention	Methods to reduce negative impact of symptomatic disease, such as disability or death, through rehabilitation and treatment.^[1] Examples include surgical procedures that halt the spread or progression of disease ^[1]

up one:Preventive healthcarenext:Universal, selective, and indicated

Levels

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