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Foodborne illness (also foodborne disease and colloquially referred to as food poisoning)[1] is any illness resulting from the consumption of contaminated food, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or parasites that contaminate food,[2] as well as chemical or natural toxins such as poisonous mushrooms. Symptoms vary depending on the cause, and are described below in this article. A few broad generalizations can be made, e.g.: The incubation period ranges from hours to days, depending on the cause and on how much was consumed. The incubation period tends to cause sufferers to not associate the symptoms with the item consumed, and so to cause sufferers to attribute the symptoms to stomach flu for example. Symptoms often include vomiting, fever, and aches, and may include diarrhea. Bouts of vomiting can be repeated, with an extended delay in between, because even if infected food was eliminated from the stomach in the first bout, microbes (if applicable) can have passed through the stomach into the intestine, attached to the cells lining the intestinal walls, and begun to multiply there. Some types of microbes stay in the intestine, some produce a toxin that is absorbed into the bloodstream, and some can directly invade deeper body tissues. |
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